ReturnTo Theme-Group-Choice | Onelevelup |
2G047 | INVESTIGATING OR ANALYZING MATERIALS BY THE USE OF ULTRASONIC WAVES | |
G01N29/00 -29/52 |
G01N29/00-29/52 | AA | AA00 WHAT IS INVESTIGATED OR ANALYZED (F) |
AA01 | AA02 | AA03 | AA04 | AA05 | AA06 | AA07 | AA08 | AA09 | AA10 |
. Fluids (F) Name of Material | . . Sludge or slurry | . . Bubbles in liquid | . . Blood, urine or other body fluids | . Solids (F) Name of Material | . . Metals (F) Name of Material | . . . Iron or steel | . . Non-metals (F) Name of material | . . . Ceramics, glass or tile | . . . Concrete or soil | |||
AA11 | AA12 | |||||||||||
. . . Wood | . . . Organisms, animals, plants or foods | |||||||||||
AB | AB00 SHAPE OR STRUCTURE OF ITEMS INVESTIGATED OR ANALYZED (F) |
AB01 | AB02 | AB03 | AB04 | AB05 | AB07 | AB08 | ||||
. Tubes, circular materials or round rods | . Square materials, square rods or H/T shaped steel | . Wire materials or filamentary materials | . Plates or bands | . Materials with a multi-layer structure | . Welded sections or adhered sections | . . Welded sections of seam-welded pipes | ||||||
AC | AC00 SPECIAL SUBJECTS OF INVESTIGATION OR ANALYSIS |
AC01 | AC02 | AC03 | AC04 | AC05 | AC06 | AC07 | AC08 | AC09 | AC10 | |
. Nuclear reactors or atomic power facilities | . . Pressurized vessels | . . Nozzles | . . Nuclear fuels | . Machinery and parts thereof | . . Turbines | . . Bolts, drills or tools | . . Rotary shafts or bearings | . Rails | . Electric equipment or electronic parts | |||
AC11 | AC12 | AC13 | ||||||||||
. Tires | . Tanks (e.g., gas or petroleum tanks) | . Humans | ||||||||||
AD | AD00 TREATMENT AND HANDLING OF SAMPLES OR MATERIALS TO BE INVESTIGATED (F) |
AD01 | AD02 | AD03 | AD04 | AD05 | AD06 | AD07 | AD08 | AD09 | AD10 | |
. Processing before measurement | . . Sampling or collecting samples | . . Purification or washing | . . Variants provided with sound-absorbing materials (i.e., eliminating unwanted echo) | . . Eliminating or breaking up gas bubbles in liquid | . . Indicating the position of measurement on specimens | . Treatment during measurement | . . Applying weight or tension | . Treatment after measurement | . . Drying or rust-proofing | |||
AD11 | AD12 | AD16 | AD17 | AD18 | AD19 | AD20 | ||||||
. . Putting marks on specimens (i.e., marking) | . . . Structure of section to which marking material is applied | . Transport of specimens | . . Stable transport means | . . For scanning | . Samples or materials to be investigated and positioning and holding thereof and sample tables | . Heating or cooling | ||||||
BA | BA00 DETECTION SYSTEMS (F) |
BA01 | BA02 | BA03 | BA04 | BA05 | BA07 | BA08 | ||||
. Transmission methods | . Reflection transmission methods | . Reflection methods | . Resonance, resonance methods or free vibration methods | . Acoustic emission (i.e., AE) methods | . Variants using interference of ultrasonic waves | . Sing-around methods | ||||||
BB | BB00 ULTRASONIC WAVE APPLICATION METHODS (F) |
BB01 | BB02 | BB04 | BB05 | BB06 | ||||||
. Perpendicular methods | . Inclined methods (F) Incidence angle / Reflaction angle | . Direct contact methods | . Partial water immersion methods (including partial liquid immersion methods) | . Water immersion methods (including liquid immersion methods) | ||||||||
BC | BC00 QUANTITIES MEASURED |
BC01 | BC02 | BC03 | BC04 | BC05 | BC07 | BC08 | BC09 | BC10 | ||
. Mechanical or acoustic impedance | . Propagating speed, sound speed or propagating time | . Ultrasonic wave amplitude or attenuation | . Frequencies, distribution thereof and spectra | . Doppler effect | . Flaws (including cracks, defects and pinholes, etc.) | . . Surface flaws or flaws near the surface | . . Internal flaws | . . Location, size and type and of flaws (e.g., spherical or flat) | ||||
BC11 | BC12 | BC13 | BC14 | BC15 | BC16 | BC17 | BC18 | BC19 | BC20 | |||
. Wear-and-tear, useful life and deterioration caused by corrosion | . Foreign materials | . Inside the human body (e.g., organs, tumors) | . Composition and structure (e.g. crystalline structure) | . Concentration | . Humidity | . Dew or frost (detected) | . Thickness, width, length and location | . Temperature | . Coefficient of elasticity | |||
CA | CA00 DETECTION METHODS BY GENERATING ULTRASONIC WAVES |
CA01 | CA02 | CA03 | CA04 | CA05 | CA07 | |||||
. Electrical-mechanical conversion | . Electromagnetic ultrasonic waves | . Mechanical methods or application of shock or stress | . Variants using opto-acoustic methods or lasers | . Thermal methods, heating or cooling | . Variants that use different methods in generation and detection | |||||||
CB | CB00 ULTRASONIC WAVE MODES (F) |
CB01 | CB02 | CB03 | CB04 | CB06 | ||||||
. Longitudinal waves | . Transverse waves | . Surface waves | . Plate waves or Lamb waves | . Variants that convert modes | ||||||||
DA | DA00 INDICATION METHODS (F) |
DA01 | DA02 | DA03 | DA04 | DA05 | ||||||
. A mode (A scopes) | . B mode (B scopes) | . C mode (C scopes) | . F mode (F scopes) | . M mode (M scopes) | ||||||||
DB | DB00 SCANNING METHODS (F) |
DB01 | DB02 | DB03 | DB04 | DB05 | DB06 | DB07 | DB09 | DB10 | ||
. Methods of oscillating ultrasonic beams | . . Electronic | . . Mechanical | . . Linear scanning | . . Sector scanning or rotary scanning | . . Arc scanning | . . Compound scanning (e.g., combinations of linear scanning and sector scanning) | . Probe movement | . . One-dimensional scanning | ||||
DB11 | DB12 | DB13 | DB14 | DB16 | DB17 | DB18 | ||||||
. . . In the direction of the Z-axis (i.e., depth or height oriented) | . . Two-dimensional scanning | . . . Tandem scanning or crossover scanning | . . Three-dimensional scanning | . . Tracking scanning | . . Curved surface scanning | . . Scanning from the inner surfaces of tubes | ||||||
EA | EA00 PURPOSE (F) |
EA01 | EA02 | EA03 | EA04 | EA05 | EA07 | EA08 | EA09 | EA10 | ||
. Improving resolution | . . Bearing resolution | . . Distance resolution | . Improving signal-to-noise ratio | . Improving sensitivity | . Improving picture quality | . Enlarging the field of vision or enlarging the range of investigation or analysis | . Achieving higher speeds | . Improving accuracy | ||||
EA11 | EA12 | EA13 | EA14 | EA15 | EA16 | EA17 | EA19 | EA20 | ||||
. Improving reliability | . Improving operability | . Automation | . Simplifying construction | . Miniaturizing | . Reducing cost | . Reducing power consumption | . Improving safety or preventing breakage | . Eliminating the effects of contamination or pollution | ||||
EA21 | ||||||||||||
. Improving weatherability or durability | ||||||||||||
FA | FA00 SPECIAL APPARATUSES |
FA01 | FA02 | FA03 | ||||||||
. Ultrasonic microscopes | . Ultrasonic computer tomography (i.e., CT) | . Ultrasonic holography | ||||||||||
GA | GA00 PROBES TO INVESTIGATE DISTINCTIVE FEATURES (IN GENERAL) (F) |
GA01 | GA02 | GA03 | GA04 | GA05 | GA06 | GA07 | GA08 | GA09 | GA10 | |
. Housings or cases | . . Cable lead-outs and mounting of oscillators | . Supporting, mounting and positioning | . . Holding by manipulators | . . Variants having means for adsorption, tight contact or soldered contact | . Scanning and tracking mechanisms | . . Variants having linking mechanisms or gimbal mechanisms | . . Variants using electromagnetic power (e.g., voice coils or motors) | . Protection of probes | . . Variants having heating and cooling means | |||
GA11 | GA13 | GA14 | GA15 | GA16 | GA18 | GA19 | GA20 | |||||
. Cleaning of probes | . Combinations of two or more ultrasonic probes | . . Probe positioning | . . Two or more inclined probes | . . Perpendicular and inclined | . Combinations with probes using methods other than ultrasonic waves | . . Combinations with position, thickness and angle detecting means | . . Combinations with eddy current or magnetic detecting means | |||||
GA21 | ||||||||||||
. . Combinations with optical detecting means (e.g., TV cameras) | ||||||||||||
GB | GB00 PROBES TO INVESTIGATE DISTINCTIVE FEATURES (PIEZOELECTRIC TYPES) (F) |
GB01 | GB02 | GB03 | GB04 | |||||||
. Overall shape | . . Array types | . . Divided types | . . Rotary types | |||||||||
GB11 | GB12 | GB13 | GB14 | GB15 | GB16 | GB17 | GB18 | GB19 | ||||
. Oscillators | . . Oscillator shape | . . . Right-angled parallelepiped or rectangle | . . . Ring | . . . Curved or roughened surface | . . Oscillator arrangement | . . . Planar arrangement | . . . Arrangement on cylindrical surfaces | . . . Arrangement on spherical surfaces | ||||
GB21 | GB22 | GB23 | GB24 | GB25 | GB26 | GB27 | GB28 | GB29 | GB30 | |||
. Electrodes or electrical connections | . Ultrasonic absorbing materials, (i.e., eliminating unwanted echo) | . . Backings or dampers | . Converging or deflecting means | . . Acoustic lenses | . . Acoustic mirrors or reflecting plates | . . Wedges or shoes | . Acoustic impedance matching layers | . . Structure and shape | . . . Multi-layer structure | |||
GB31 | GB32 | GB33 | GB34 | GB35 | GB36 | GB37 | GB38 | |||||
. . . Variants having a thickness of one fourth of the wave length | . Manufacturing methods | . Materials (F) Name of material | . . Metals | . . Ceramics | . . Macromolecular materials or synthetic resins | . . Sapphire | . . Crystal, quartz or glass | |||||
GC | GC00 PROBES TO INVESTIGATE DISTINCTIVE FEATURES (ELECTROMAGNETIC TYPES)(F) |
GC01 | GC02 | GC03 | GC04 | GC05 | GC06 | GC07 | GC08 | |||
. Variants having static magnetic field generating means | . . Arrangement of poles | . Variants without static magnetic field generating means | . Coil structure and connections | . Magnetic shielding | . Compensation for leaked magnetic fields | . Monitoring transmitted current | . Lift off compensation | |||||
GD | GD00 PROBES TO INVESTIGATE DISTINCTIVE FEATURES (OPTO-ACOUSTIC TYPES AND OTHERS) (F) |
GD01 | GD02 | |||||||||
. Variants using optical interferometers | . Variants using speakers or microphones | |||||||||||
GE | GE00 ACOUSTIC COUPLINGS OF DISTINCTIVE UNITS (F) |
GE01 | GE02 | GE03 | GE04 | GE05 | GE06 | GE07 | GE08 | |||
. Acoustic coupling medium materials (F) Name of material | . . Water | . Operations for acoustic coupling media | . . Supply and collection of media | . . Means for preventing flowing (i.e., seals) | . . Eliminating gas bubbles | . . Temperature control | . . Checking the degree of coupling | |||||
GF | GF00 TRANSMISSION AND RECEPTION CONTROL BY DISTINCTIVE UNITS (F) |
GF01 | GF02 | GF04 | GF05 | GF06 | GF07 | GF08 | GF09 | GF10 | ||
. Switching of transmission and reception | . . Variants using directional couplers | . Types of transmission and reception waves | . . Continuous waves | . . Pulse waves | . . Chirp pulses | . . Burst waves or high frequency pulses | . Regulating transmission and reception | . . Amplitude | ||||
GF11 | GF12 | GF13 | GF15 | GF16 | GF17 | GF18 | GF19 | GF20 | ||||
. . Period or frequency | . . Compression or expansion | . . Utilizing charging and discharging of capacitors | . Selection of vibrators | . . Variants using multiplexers | . Controlling directivity | . Focusing, focusing control and focus alignment | . . Dynamic focusing | . Aperture control | ||||
GF21 | GF22 | GF23 | GF24 | GF25 | GF26 | GF27 | GF28 | GF29 | GF30 | |||
. Transmission, reception, and control of a plurality of frequencies | . Delay circuits | . . Variants having shift registers | . Signal transmission and transmission paths | . . Transmission using light | . . Transmission using radio waves | . . Handling or holding of cables | . . Transmission to a moving section or from a moving section | . . . Variants using electrostatic capacitive coupling | . . . Variants using electromagnetic induction coupling | |||
GF31 | GF32 | GF33 | GF34 | |||||||||
. Scanning control | . . Number of lines scanned or scanning density | . . Scanning speed | . . Control at the start of scanning and scanning range | |||||||||
GG | GG00 SIGNAL PROCESSING AT DISTINCTIVE UNITS |
GG01 | GG02 | GG03 | GG04 | GG05 | GG06 | GG08 | GG09 | GG10 | ||
. Signal sampling at gates | . . Regulating gate operating points | . . . Adjusting according to specimen thickness | . . . Adjusting to eliminate noise | . . Variants using multiple gates | . Setting or regulating threshold values | . Variants that convert signals (including signal attenuation) | . . Analog-to-digital conversion | . . Frequency conversion | ||||
GG11 | GG12 | GG13 | GG14 | GG15 | GG16 | GG17 | GG19 | GG20 | ||||
. . Logarithmic conversion | . . Fourier transformation | . . Differentials | . . Integrals | . Amplifiers | . . Adjusting gain or sensitivity | . Filters and selection thereof | . Variants that store signals | . . Variants that store standard or reference signals | ||||
GG21 | GG23 | GG24 | GG25 | GG27 | GG28 | GG29 | GG30 | |||||
. . Variants that store image signals | . Variants that test specific values or values at specific locations | . . Peak values | . . Variants that test signal envelopes | . Signal comparison, subtraction, differences and ratios | . . Comparison of amplitudes | . . Comparison of phases | . . Comparison of times | |||||
GG31 | GG32 | GG33 | GG34 | GG35 | GG36 | GG37 | GG38 | GG39 | GG40 | |||
. . Comparison of signals using waves of different modes | . . Comparison of signals corresponding to different frequencies | . . Comparison with standard or reference signal and analytical curves | . Addition and synthesis of signals (waveforms) | . . Addition and synthesis of picture signals | . Variants that test correlations between signals | . Analysis by statistical methods | . Averaging and smoothing | . Extracting outlines | . Interpolation | |||
GG41 | GG42 | GG43 | GG44 | GG46 | GG47 | |||||||
. Correction of signals | . . Distance amplitude correction (i.e., DAC) | . . Correcting temperature | . . Correcting for speed of sound | . Overall judgements using signals from a plurality of probes | . . Variants that handle position signals and signals for measured quantities | |||||||
GH | GH00 DISPLAY OF DISTINCTIVE UNITS |
GH01 | GH02 | GH03 | GH04 | GH05 | GH06 | GH07 | GH08 | GH09 | GH10 | |
. Display means (variants with a concrete device name) | . . X-Y recorders, pen-type recorders | . . Dot matrix array display means | . . Cathode ray tubes | . . Variants using sound | . Images | . . Tomography images | . . Real time images | . . Three-dimensional images | . . Enlargement or reduction | |||
GH11 | GH12 | GH13 | GH14 | GH15 | GH16 | GH17 | GH19 | GH20 | ||||
. . Negative-positive inverted images and image rotation and shifting | . Type of display | . . Color display | . . Display at different phases or variable density display | . . Cursor or marker display | . . Display simultaneous with comparison signals | . . Alphanumeric display or digital display | . Processing of measurement results (e.g., listing) | . Recording for storage (e.g., photographs, magnetic tapes) | ||||
GH22 | GH24 | |||||||||||
. Scales or indexes | . Means to make viewing easier (e.g., hoods or lighting) | |||||||||||
GJ | GJ00 DISTINCTIVE FEATURES AND OTHERS (F) |
GJ01 | GJ02 | GJ03 | GJ04 | GJ05 | GJ06 | GJ07 | GJ08 | GJ09 | GJ10 | |
. Detecting breakdowns (i.e., self-diagnosis) | . Moving vehicles or moving bodies | . . Drive sources | . . . Fluid pressure | . . . Batteries | . . . Rope-drawn | . . Variants having adsorption mechanisms | . . Pigs (i.e., bodies that travel inside pipes) | . . . Internal structure | . . . Connecting structures | |||
GJ11 | GJ12 | GJ13 | GJ14 | GJ15 | GJ16 | GJ19 | ||||||
. . . Clamps or centering mechanisms | . . . Traveling mechanisms | . . . . Rollers or pressure plates | . Guide rails or running rails | . . Variants having direction changing mechanisms | . . Variants which can be attached or detached | . Sample containers or sample cells | ||||||
GJ21 | GJ22 | GJ23 | GJ24 | GJ25 | GJ26 | GJ28 | GJ30 | |||||
. Calibration | . . Standard test pieces and standard samples | . . . Metal materials (F) Name of materials | . . . Non-metal materials (F) Name of materials | . . . Variants having means for eliminating unwanted echo | . . Pseudo pulses for calibration | . Automatic operation using programs | . Apparatus housings (e.g., cases or panels) |