| ReturnTo Theme-Group-Choice | Onelevelup |
| 5K041 | Transmission systems not characterized by the medium used for transmission | |
| H04B14/00 -14/08 | ||
| H04B14/00-14/08 | AA | AA00 PURPOSE AND EFFECTS |
AA01 | AA02 | AA03 | AA04 | AA05 | AA06 | AA07 | AA08 | AA09 | AA10 |
| . Reliability improvement, noise, distortion, and removal of transmission interference | . . Removal of noise, distortion, and interference generated in the transmission route | . . . Prevention of error propagation in differential pulse code modulation (DPCM) mode, in decoding of codes not equivalent in length, and in error occurences at the beginning of transmission | . . Removal of noise, distortion, and interference generated in coding and decoding | . . . Reduction of quantization noise or quantization distortion | . . Removal of noise, distortion, and interference from a lack of synchronization | . Compression of redundant signals | . Reduction of the number of parts, miniaturization, and reduced power consumption | . Increased speed | . Protection of privacy | |||
| BB | BB00 USES |
BB01 | BB02 | BB03 | BB04 | BB06 | BB08 | BB10 | ||||
| . Communication networks | . . Telephone networks | . . Integrated services digital networks (ISDN) | . . Exchange of information by batch or packet | . Videoconferencing and videophones | . Mobile communications | . Broadcasting, broadcasting communications, cable television (CATV), and satellite broadcasting | ||||||
| CC | CC00 INFORMATION SOURCES |
CC01 | CC02 | CC03 | CC04 | CC05 | CC06 | CC07 | CC09 | CC10 | ||
| . Voice and audio signals | . Image signals and two-dimensional signals | . . Facsimile signals and still images | . . Television signals and animation | . Measurement values and monitoring signals | . Control signals (i.e., excluding transmission control signals) | . Digital data signals | . Multiple information sources and stereo signals | . . Multiple and different types of information sources | ||||
| DD | DD00 SIGNALS TRANSMITTED IN ADDITION TO THE MAIN INFORMATION |
DD01 | DD02 | DD03 | DD04 | DD05 | DD07 | DD09 | ||||
| . Transmission control signals | . . Coding-mode signals | . . . Quantization width and range bit | . . Clock signals and synchronization signals | . . Transmission-system-monitoring ans -testing signals | . Filler, stuff, and dummy signals | . Quantization error signals | ||||||
| EE | EE00 CODING AND DECODING OF INFORMATION SOURCES |
EE01 | EE02 | |||||||||
| . Sampling | . . Variable density sampling | |||||||||||
| EE11 | EE12 | EE13 | EE14 | EE16 | EE17 | EE19 | EE20 | |||||
| . Forecast-error coding | . . Linear forecasting | . . . Forecasting with previous sampling values | . . Adaptive forecasting | . . In-frame forecasting | . . Inter-frame forecasting | . . Signal-level coding | . . . Periodic coding of the signal level | |||||
| EE21 | EE22 | EE23 | EE24 | |||||||||
| . Forecasting-factor and parameter coding | . . Linear forecasting factors | . . Spectral-envelope parameters | . . Frequency, pitch, zero crossing, and phase | |||||||||
| EE31 | EE33 | EE34 | EE35 | EE36 | EE38 | EE40 | ||||||
| . Quantization or dequantization | . . Uneven quantization | . . . M-law, A-law, and broken-line compounding | . . . Adaptive quantization | . . . . Block compounding | . . Vector quantization and block quantization | . . Re-quantization | ||||||
| EE41 | EE42 | EE43 | EE45 | EE46 | EE47 | |||||||
| . Encoding of non-equivalent length (e.g., Huffman coding) | . . Encoding of run length | . . Adaptive-bit assignment | . Equivalent-length coding | . . Single-bit coding (e.g., delta modulation mode) | . . Alternate-binary coding | |||||||
| EE51 | EE52 | EE53 | EE54 | |||||||||
| . Adaptive coding | . . Uses of the past coding history | . . Switching among multiple coding modes | . . Coding according to the transmission speed | |||||||||
| FF | FF00 TRANSMISSION MODES |
FF01 | FF02 | FF03 | FF05 | FF06 | FF08 | FF09 | ||||
| . Multiplexing | . . Time division | . . Frequency and wavelength dividing | . Splitting and combining | . . Parallel transmission | . Bidirectional transmission | . . Full-duplex transmission | ||||||
| FF11 | FF12 | FF13 | ||||||||||
| . Pulse modulation | . . Pulse-amplitude modulation (PAM) | . . Pulse-width modulation (PWM) and pulse-duration modulation (PDM) | ||||||||||
| FF21 | FF23 | FF24 | FF25 | FF26 | FF27 | FF28 | FF29 | FF30 | ||||
| . Baseband transmission | . Passband transmission | . . Analog modulation | . . . Amplitude modulation (AM) and single side-band modulation (SSB) | . . . Frequency modulation (FM) and phase modulation (PM) | . . Digital modulation | . . . Amplitude-shift keying (ASK) | . . . Frequency-shift keying (FSK) and shift keying (SK) | . . Composite modulation | ||||
| FF31 | FF32 | FF33 | FF34 | FF36 | FF38 | FF40 | ||||||
| . Wire-bound transmission | . Wireless transmission | . . Linked compressor and expander mode (LINCOMPEX) and constant net loss mode (CNL) | . Optical transmission | . Recording and playback | . Relaying | . Adaptive transmission mode | ||||||
| GG | GG00 ERROR CONTROL AND MEASURES TO PREVENT FAILURE |
GG01 | GG02 | GG03 | GG05 | GG07 | GG08 | GG09 | ||||
| . Error detection means | . . Error-detection codes and parity | . . Error-detection and correction codes, and cyclical redundancy check (CRC) | . Redundant structures, in-service vs standby modes, and multi-route transmission | . Transmission modes with added redundancy | . . Return-circuit channels and loop-backs | . . Repeated transmission | ||||||
| GG11 | GG12 | GG13 | GG14 | GG16 | GG18 | |||||||
| . Measures after error detection | . . Measures to prevent continuous errors, burst errors, and line disconnection | . . Error interpolation | . . Muting and squelch | . Coding, decoding, and parameter modification | . Adaptive error control | |||||||
| HH | HH00 SIGNAL PROCESSING |
HH01 | HH02 | HH03 | HH04 | HH05 | HH07 | HH08 | HH09 | HH10 | ||
| . Processing using frequency-band splitting | . Processing using bit-string splitting | . Parallel processing | . Backward processing | . Forward processing | . Linear transform and orthogonal transform | . . Hadamard transform | . . Cosine transform (i.e., including discrete cosine transform) | . . Fourier transform | ||||
| HH11 | HH12 | HH13 | HH14 | HH15 | ||||||||
| . Operations | . . Addition or subtraction between signal values | . . Addition or subtraction between the reference value and the signal value | . . Scaler multiplication of signal values | . . . Polarity inversions and absolute-value operations | ||||||||
| HH21 | HH22 | HH23 | HH24 | HH25 | HH27 | HH28 | HH29 | HH30 | ||||
| . Identification of coding mode and transmission mode | . Identification of signal content and type | . . Identification of data and voice | . . Detection of signal presence or absence | . Detection of specific patterns | . Calculation of signal power | . Calculation of signal statistical values | . . Maximum and minimum values of signals | . . Average values | ||||
| HH31 | HH32 | HH34 | HH35 | HH37 | HH39 | HH40 | ||||||
| . Signal-sequence changing | . . Interleaving and deinterleaving | . Signal pre-distortion and emphasis | . . Analog compounding | . Time-axis compounding | . Connection and conversion between different modes | . . Sampling-frequency conversion | ||||||
| HH41 | HH43 | HH44 | HH45 | HH46 | HH47 | HH48 | HH49 | HH50 | ||||
| . Thinning-out and sub-sampling | . Interpolation | . . Signals before the interpolation section | . . . Interpolation with preceding values | . . Signals following the interpolation section | . . Interpolation with a second-degree polynomial or higher | . . Interpolation with the average value or first-degree interpolation | . . Signal waveforms in a certain section | . . Fixed-value holding (i.e., not including preceding-value holding) | ||||
| JJ | JJ00 COMPONENTS |
JJ01 | JJ03 | |||||||||
| . Multiple identical components | . Variable circuits | |||||||||||
| JJ11 | JJ12 | JJ13 | JJ14 | JJ15 | JJ16 | JJ18 | JJ20 | |||||
| . Analog and digital filter circuits | . . Differentiation (i.e., including high-pass filters) | . . Integration (i.e., including low-pass filters) | . . Digital filters | . . . Cyclic filters | . . . Non-cyclic filters | . Amplifier or attenuator circuits | . Limiter and clamp circuits (i.e., including signal clip circuits) | |||||
| JJ21 | JJ22 | JJ24 | JJ25 | JJ26 | JJ27 | JJ28 | JJ30 | |||||
| . Signal-generating circuits and oscillating circuits | . . Dummy-noise-generating circuits | . Storage circuits and delay circuits | . . Buffer memory | . . Flip-flops | . . Shift registers | . . Memory with addressing (e.g., RAM and ROM) | . Parallel-to-serial (P/S) or Serial-to-parallel (S/P) converter circuits | |||||
| JJ31 | JJ32 | JJ33 | JJ35 | JJ36 | JJ38 | JJ40 | ||||||
| . Logical gate circuits | . Counters, timers, frequency dividers, and multipliers | . Threshold-value circuits | . Switches and data selectors | . Power supplies and power-supply control circuits | . Digital-signal processors (DSP) and micro-processors | . Coder-decoder devices (CODEC) and modems |