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5K028 Time-division multiplex systems
H04J3/00 -3/26;H04L5/22-5/26
H04J3/00-3/26;H04L5/22-5/26 AA AA00
PURPOSES AND EFFECTS 		AA01 AA02 AA03 AA04 AA06 AA07 AA08
. Quality improvement . . Reduction of crosstalk between channels . . Reduction of jitter . . Improvement of noise resistance . Structural simplification . . Reduction of circuit scale . . Sharing of circuits
AA11 AA12 AA14 AA15 AA17
. Improvement of circuit working efficiency . . Compression of informational content or bandwidth . Improvement of reliability . . Prevention of malfunction . Reduction of the amount of wiring
BB BB00
TRANSMISSION MEDIA 		BB01 BB02 BB04 BB05 BB06 BB08
. Media containing wire . . Communication on transmission or distribution lines . Wireless media . . Satellite communication . . Multi-way radio communication . Light
CC CC00
SYSTEM STRUCTURE 		CC01 CC02 CC03 CC05 CC06
. Paired stations . . Two-way communication . . . Full-duplex configurations . Multi-station configurations . . Loop-bus systems
DD DD00
SYSTEM STRUCTURAL DEVICES 		DD01 DD02 DD03 DD04 DD05 DD06 DD07
. Master stations . Slave stations . Intermediate stations . . Relays . . Branches . . Insertion stations . Multiple concentration and delivery devices
EE EE00
INFORMATION SOURCES 		EE01 EE02 EE03 EE04 EE05 EE06 EE07 EE08 EE09 EE10
. Types . . Voice . . Images . . . Facsimiles . . Digital data . . . Start-stop synchronization signals . . Multimedia sources . . . Combination of voice and data . . Remote monitoring or use of control signals . . . Instrumentation and sensor output signals
EE11 EE12
. Transmission source speed and codes are the same . Transmission source speed and codes are different
FF FF00
TYPES OF MODULATION 		FF01 FF02 FF03 FF04 FF05 FF06 FF07 FF09
. Pulse modulation . . Pulse-code modulation (PCM) . . . Delta modulation(DM) . . . Differential pulse-code modulation (DPCM) and adaptive differential pulse-code modulation(ADPCM) . . Pulse-amplitude modulation (PAM) . . Pulse-position modulation (PPM) . . Pulse-width modulation(PWM) . Analog signals that are not modulated
FF11 FF12 FF13 FF14
. Digital modulation . . Frequency shift keying (FSK) . . Pulse shift keying (PSK) . . Amplitude shift keying (ASK)
GG GG00
TRANSMISSION PATH CODES 		GG01 GG02 GG03 GG04
. Nonreturn-to-zero (NRZ) codes . Coded mark inversion (CMI) codes . Multiplex codes . . Alternate mark inversion (AMI) codes
HH HH00
TIME DIVISION MULTIPLEX ACCESS IN GENERAL 		HH01 HH02 HH03 HH04 HH05
. Satellite-switched Time-division multiplex access (SS-TDMA) . Transmission signal control . Reception signal control . . Automatic gain control (AGC) . Combination with time-division multiplexing (TDM)
JJ JJ00
CYCLIC DIGITAL TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS 		JJ01 JJ02 JJ03 JJ05
. Transmission of variable information . Priority transmissions . . Use of interruptions . Polling systems
KK KK00
MULTIPLEX SYSTEMS 		KK01 KK02 KK03 KK05
. Multiplex systems . . Signal synthesis using a delay means . Demultiplexing systems . Multiple conversions
KK11 KK12 KK13 KK14 KK16 KK17 KK18
. Frame structures . . Multiframe structures . . Envelope structures . . Use of a waiting period for sending back answering signals . . Multiplexing per bit (i.e., bit interleaving) . . Multiplexing per word . . . Character multiplexing
KK21 KK22 KK23 KK24
. Synchronous time division multiplex systems . . Superimposed transmission of asynchronization signals . . Time-compression multiplex systems . . Signal transmission during TV signal retrace intervals
KK31 KK32 KK33 KK34 KK35
. Asynchronous time division multiplex systems . . Packet interleaving . . Burst-form multiplex systems (i.e., excluding TDMA) . . Start-stop synchronizing signals after multiplexing . . Statistical time-division multiplexing (STDM) and asynchronous transfer methods (ATM)
LL LL00
LINE ALLOCATION CONTROL SYSTEMS 		LL01 LL02
. Setting of line allocation . . Setting of lines and modification of allocations
LL11 LL12 LL13 LL14 LL15
. Variable time allocation . . Variable allotted transport stream (TS) numbers . . Variable transport stream (TS) length . . Variable compressibility . . . Variable bit rates
LL22 LL23 LL24 LL25 LL26 LL27 LL28 LL29
. . Allotment to other users during channel pauses . . . Time assignment speech interpolation (TASI) . . . Digital speed interpolation (DSI) . . . Voice detection . . . Noise insertion . . . Shutout or freeze-out control . . . Data transmission over paused voice channels . . . . Discrimination between sound and data
LL32
. . Allocation specified by address
LL41 LL42 LL43 LL44 LL45
. Preassignment systems . Demand assignment systems . Random access systems . . Aloha systems . . Packet or slot reservation systems
MM MM00
TRANSMISSION OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION, AUXILIARY SIGNALS, OR SUB-SIGNALS 		MM01 MM02 MM04 MM05 MM06 MM07 MM08 MM09 MM10
. Transmission by bit robbing . Transmission by use of violation codes . Types of additional information or auxiliary signals . . Headers and preamble signals . . . Addresses . . Start signals (i.e., excluding start-stop synchronizing signals) . . Discrimination signals (e.g., flag codes) . . Error check codes . . . Parity bits
MM11 MM12 MM13 MM14 MM16 MM17 MM18 MM19 MM20
. . Order signals . . Control signals . . Call signals (e.g., signaling signals) . . Supervisory signals . . Synchronizing signals . . . Convergence synchronizing codes (e.g., unique words) . . . Distributed synchronizing code . . . Channel synchronizing signals or numbers . . . Use of signals with a different amplitude, polarity or pulse width
NN NN00
SYNCRONIZATION 		NN01 NN02 NN04 NN05 NN06 NN07 NN08
. Frame synchronization . . Multiframe synchronization . . Synchronization recovery (e.g., lead-in) . . . Synchronization pattern detection . . . . One-bit shift systems . . . . Parallel processing . . . . Use of correlation detection
NN12 NN13 NN14 NN15 NN16 NN17
. . Synchronization protection . . . Forward protection . . . Backward protection . . . Analog integration protection . . . Digital integration protection . . . . Use of reversible counters
NN21 NN22 NN23
. Synchronization to intra-office reference phases . . Frame-phase synchronization . . Bit-phase synchronization
NN31 NN32 NN33 NN34
. Clock or bit synchronization . . Clock extraction . . Clock transmission by other lines . . Repression of continuous level (i.e., "0" or "1")
NN41 NN42 NN43 NN44 NN45 NN47
. Burst synchronization . . Initial synchronization . . . Adjustment of transmission start time (timing) . . Synchronization maintenance . Receiving burst timing controls . Block synchronization
NN51 NN52 NN54 NN55 NN57 NN58 NN59 NN60
. Use of stacked pulses . . Information transmission by surplus bits (e.g., useless pulses) . Use of commercial AC power supply waveforms . . Polyphase AC . Network synchronization . . Slave synchronization . . Mutual synchronization . . Independent synchronization
PP PP00
MONITORING AND TESTS 		PP01 PP02 PP03 PP04 PP05
. Objects to be monitored or tested . . Multiplexers or demultiplexers . . Encoders and decoders . . Transmission paths . . Repeaters
PP11 PP12 PP13 PP14 PP15 PP16 PP17
. Monitoring or test items . . Code errors . . Slip ratios . . Stuff factors . . Synchronization error ratios . . Mark ratios . . Input off
PP21 PP22 PP23 PP25 PP26 PP27
. Monitoring or testing methods . . Transmission of monitoring or test signals . . . Transmission of pilot reference signals . . Tests during periods of non-communication . . Wrap tests . . Self-diagnosis
QQ QQ00
MEASURES AGAINST FAULTS 		QQ01 QQ02
. Switching between active and spare devices . Alarms and indication
RR RR00
COMMUNICATION CONTROL AND PROCESSING 		RR01 RR02 RR03 RR04
. Line-connection settings . Time slot shunting control . Data signaling rate conversion . Error control
SS SS00
CIRCUITS 		SS01 SS02 SS03 SS04 SS05 SS06 SS07
. Transmission circuits . . Connection circuits with transmission paths . . Sampling (sample holding) circuits . . Analog-to-digital encoders (A/D) . . . Compression . . P/S conversions . . Scrambling circuits
SS11 SS12 SS14 SS15 SS16 SS17
. Reception circuits . . Connection circuits with transmission paths . . Digital-to-analog decoders (D/A) . . . Expansion . . S/P conversions . . Descrambling circuits
SS21 SS22 SS23 SS24 SS25 SS26 SS27 SS28 SS29
. Cipher devices and privacy function circuits . Resonant transfer circuits . Control central processing units (CPU) . Memories and buffer memories . . Elastic memories . . First-in, first-out (FIFO) memories . . Read-only memories (ROM) . Shift registers . Power sources
TT TT00
OTHERS 		TT01 TT02 TT03 TT04 TT05
. Time-division switching systems . Using two or more carriers . Conversion between time-division multiplexing (TDM) and frame-division multiplexing (FDM) . . Transmultiplexers . Local area networks (LAN)
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