| ReturnTo Theme-Group-Choice | Onelevelup |
| 4K050 | Tunnel furnaces | |
| F27B9/00 -9/40 | ||
| F27B9/00-9/40 | AA | AA00 TYPES OF TUNNEL FURNACES |
AA01 | AA02 | AA03 | AA04 | AA05 | AA06 | AA07 | AA08 | AA09 | AA10 |
| . Heating furnaces | . . Heat-treatment furnaces | . Heat-maintenance furnaces (e.g., holding furnaces) | . Burning furnaces and sintering furnaces | . Dry furnaces | . Dry-distillation furnaces (i.e., coke ovens) | . Fusion furnaces and melting furnaces | . Fusion-adhesion furnaces | . Furnaces for formation of coatings (e.g., formation of oxide films and ion coatings) | . Incinerators | |||
| BA | BA00 OBJECTS TO BE TREATED |
BA01 | BA02 | BA03 | BA05 | BA06 | BA07 | BA08 | BA09 | |||
| . Metals | . . Iron and steel | . . Non-ferrous metals | . Inorganic materials | . . Minerals (e.g., limestone, refractors, slag, and ash) | . . Glass, pottery, or ceramics (For fibers, see BA09) | . . Tiles | . . Fibers (i.e., including organic fibers) | |||||
| BA11 | BA12 | BA13 | BA14 | BA16 | BA17 | |||||||
| . Organic materials | . . Paints | . . Adhesive agents | . . Lumber, food products, and fumigated materials | . Electric equipment and electrical equipment | . . Substrates (i.e., printed boards) | |||||||
| CA | CA00 FURNACE BODIES |
CA01 | CA02 | CA03 | CA04 | CA05 | CA07 | CA08 | CA09 | CA10 | ||
| . Furnaces with characteristic bodies and construction devices | . . Seperate assembly of the furnace body and the furnace bottom | . . . Furnace bodies with bell-shaped covers | . . Sealing devices (For vacuum seals, see CC03) | . . Cooling structures (For water-cooled coolers, see CG05) | . Movable furnace bodies and structural devices | . . Rotation, tilting, and elevation of furnaces | . . Rotation and elevation of furnace beds and treated articles | . . Elevation and swiveling of doors and lids (For vacuum doors, see CC03) | ||||
| CA11 | CA12 | CA13 | CA15 | CA17 | CA19 | |||||||
| . Multiple furnaces or chambers and multiple passages | . . Operation by linking of multiple independent furnaces | . . Single furnace units divided into multiple furnace chambers by means of partition walls | . Structures of vertical furnaces and inclined furnaces | . Means of forming fluidized beds and moving beds | . Safety and maintenance of furnace bodies and furnace construction devices | |||||||
| CB | CB00 REFRACTORS (I.E., LININGS) |
CB01 | CB02 | CB03 | CB04 | CB06 | CB07 | CB08 | CB10 | |||
| . Refractors with characteristic structures | . . Structures of furnace beds and ceilings (i.e., arches) | . . Structure of the partition walls (i.e., stopping of gas flow, changing of flow routes, and radiation) | . . . Use of suspension and use of flexible heat-resistant materials for furnace walls | . Characteristics of refractors | . . Combination of different kinds of materials, and complex refractors using fibers | . . Refractors without a specified structure | . Repair, maintenance, and usable life of refractors and structural materials | |||||
| CC | CC00 TREATMENTS AND DEVICES USED IN VACUUMS OR OTHER ATMOSPHERES |
CC01 | CC02 | CC03 | CC04 | CC06 | CC07 | CC08 | CC09 | CC10 | ||
| . Treatments in vacuums or under pressure | . . Heating and heat treatments in vacuums | . . . Vacuum apparatuses (e.g., vacuum doors, vacuum valves, and vacuum seals) | . . Heating and heat treatments during pressurization | . Treatments in other atmospheres | . . Heating and heat-treatment in a specified atmosphere | . . Circulation and agitation of atmospheric gases | . . . Circulation and agitation of atmospheric gases accompanied by the use of devices for atmosphere gas formation, cleaning, and maintenance | . Exhaust-gas devices and gas-blowing devices | ||||
| CD | CD00 HEATING, AGITATION, AND COOLING DEVICES AND METHODS |
CD01 | CD02 | CD03 | CD05 | CD06 | CD07 | CD08 | CD10 | |||
| . Heating by fuels | . . Heating by burner combustion devices | . . . Characteristic burner devices (e.g., high-speed burners) | . Heating by electric power | . . Heating by resistance heating | . . Heating by induction heating and microwave heating | . . Electrodes, heat generators, coils, and devices for the supply of electricity | . Heating by steam | |||||
| CD11 | CD12 | CD13 | CD14 | CD15 | CD16 | CD17 | ||||||
| . Heating by radiation and conduction | . . Furnace walls, ceilings, and partitions (i.e., including pipe structures) | . . . Radiation panels and reflective panels | . . Insertion of burners and electrical heating wires into radiation pipes | . . . Structures and materials of radiation-pipe devices | . Heating by heated gas and heated air | . . Use of spout openings, spout nozzles, rectification plates, and suction openings | ||||||
| CD21 | CD22 | CD23 | CD25 | CD27 | CD30 | |||||||
| . Heating by means of irradiation with light | . . Irradiation using infrared rays and far-infrared rays | . . Irradiation using ultraviolet rays (i.e., chemical treatments) | . Localized heating devices and localized heat prevention devices | . Agitation of treated articles (i.e., for gases, see CC08) | . Cooling of treated articles | |||||||
| CE | CE00 DEVICES AND METHODS FOR USE OF WASTE HEAT AND PREVENTION OF HEAT-LOSS |
CE01 | CE02 | CE03 | CE04 | CE05 | CE07 | CE09 | ||||
| . Use of waste heat and waste gases | . . Use for the preheating of combustion air and fuel | . . . Use of heat-exchange devices (e.g., recuperators) | . . Use of the waste gases as combustion air | . . Use of the waste gases for the preheating and drying of articles to be treated | . Boilers | . Prevention of heat loss | ||||||
| CF | CF00 CHARGING AND DISCHARGING DEVICES AND METHODS |
CF01 | CF02 | CF03 | CF04 | CF05 | CF06 | CF07 | CF09 | CF10 | ||
| . Charging of treated articles (For movement inside furnaces, see CG) | . . Supply devices (e.g., manipulators) | . . . Charging by pusher devices | . . Charging by tilting, elevation, and swivel devices | . . Charging by cart devices and cranes | . . Charging by conveyors, rollers, and turntables | . . Charging by chutes and guides | . . Adjustment of charge volume and distribution of articles to be treated inside the furnace | . . . Charging by use of valve-slitting devices | ||||
| CF11 | CF12 | CF13 | CF14 | CF15 | CF16 | CF20 | ||||||
| . Discharging of treated articles (For movement inside furnaces, see CG) | . . Discharging devices (e.g., extractors) | . . . Discharging by pusher devices | . . Discharging by tilting, elevation, and swivel devices | . . Discharging by cart devices and cranes | . . Discharging by conveyors, rollers, and turntables | . . Discharging by use of valve-cutting devices | ||||||
| CF22 | CF24 | CF25 | CF27 | |||||||||
| . . Discharging by crushing devices and claws | . . Removal and discharging of unnecessary materials | . . . Discharge of scales | . . Solidification and discharging of dissolved substances | |||||||||
| CG | CG00 DEVICES AND METHODS FOR MOVING TREATED MATERIALS INSIDE FURNACES, AND SUPPORT DEVICES AND METHODS FOR SUPPLY OF MATERIALS TO BE TREATED |
CG01 | CG02 | CG04 | CG05 | CG06 | CG07 | CG08 | CG09 | CG10 | ||
| . Linear movement in the furnace (For charging and discharging only, see CF) | . . Movement inside the furnace by use of pusher devices | . . Movement inside the furnaces by use of rollers | . . . Characteristic rollers (e.g., materials and water-cooling) | . . . . Roller elevation, change of rotation direction, and roller detachment | . . . Driving means and driving systems | . . Movement inside the furnace by use of endless conveyors | . . . Use of belt conveyors | . . . Use of chain conveyors | ||||
| CG12 | CG13 | CG14 | CG16 | CG17 | CG18 | CG19 | ||||||
| . . Movement inside the furnace by use of cart devices and cranes | . . Walking beams and walking hearths | . . . Walking-beam driving systems and driving methods | . . Skid rails, beams, and pipes | . . . Skid marks | . . . Skid buttons | . . . Beam supports and support holes | ||||||
| CG21 | CG22 | CG23 | CG24 | CG26 | CG27 | CG28 | CG29 | CG30 | ||||
| . Rotary movement and swivel movement (For charging and discharging only, see CF) | . . Movement inside the furnace by rotation of the furnace bed | . . . Movement by circular grates | . . . Rotating and swiveling driving mechanisms and driving methods | . Movement by means of gravity | . . Use of inclined devices (e.g., chutes and spiral movement) | . Support containers and apparatuses for the articles to be treated | . . Use of trays, pallets, and capsules for conveyance | . . Use of suspension tools and clamp devices | ||||
| DA | DA00 OTHER ACCESSORY APPARATUSES AND DEVICES |
DA01 | DA02 | DA03 | DA05 | DA06 | DA07 | DA08 | ||||
| . Devices for use before and after the charging and discharging of articles to be treated | . . Use of carts and cranes | . . Use of conveyors, rollers, and turntables | . Improvement of the working environment | . . Supply and discharge air ducts, dampers, and dust collection devices | . . Waste-gas-incineration devices and waste-gas-treatment devices | . . . Deodorization and purification treatments | ||||||
| EA | EA00 CONTROL, DETECTION, MONITORING, AND WARNING MEANS |
EA01 | EA02 | EA03 | EA04 | EA05 | EA06 | EA07 | EA08 | EA10 | ||
| . Operation | . . Articles to be treated | . . . Charging and discharging of articles to be treated | . . Control and detection of furnace equipment | . . Input of heat into the furnace | . . . Fuel combustion such as burner combustion | . . . Heat input by electrical means | . . Atmospheric gases and waste gases | . Safety and maintenance |