ReturnTo Theme-Group-Choice | Onelevelup |
4H058 | Working-up tar and pitch | |
C10C1/00 -5/00 |
C10C1/00 | AA | AA00 WORKING-UP TAR IN GENERAL |
AA01 | AA02 | AA04 | AA06 | AA08 | AA10 | ||||
. Separating or winning | . . Winning effective ingredients from waste water, waste liquids, or residues | . Recycling to coking furnaces | . Waste liquid treatment or residue treatment | . Apparatuses for working-up | . Other details of working-up tar in general | |||||||
C10C1/18 | BA | BA00 WORKING-UP TAR BY EXTRACTION |
BA01 | BA03 | BA05 | BA07 | BA10 | |||||
. Inorganic extraction agents | . Hydrocarbon extraction agents | . Organic nonhydrocarbon extraction agents | . Extraction apparatuses | . Other details of working-up tar by extraction | ||||||||
C10C1/20 | CA | CA00 CHEMICAL TREATMENTS OF TAR |
CA01 | CA03 | CA05 | CA07 | CA10 | |||||
. Hydrogenation | . Acid or alkali treatments | . Polymerization | . Apparatuses for reaction treatments | . Other chemical treatments of tar | ||||||||
C10C3/00-3/18 | DA | DA00 RAW MATERIALS |
DA01 | DA02 | DA03 | DA06 | DA07 | DA08 | DA09 | |||
. Primary raw materials | . . Coal | . . Petroleum | . . Heavy oils or tar | . . Residual oil | . . Cracked oil | . . Petroleum liquid oil | ||||||
DA12 | DA13 | DA14 | DA16 | DA17 | DA18 | DA19 | ||||||
. . Bitumen | . . . Pitch | . . . Asphalt (i.e., including mixed asphalt) | . . Coal (i.e., including bituminous coal, peat, and lignite) | . . Condensed polycyclic hydrocarbon compounds | . . Organic compounds with low molecular weight | . . Specific manufacturing processes for starting materials | ||||||
DA21 | DA22 | DA23 | DA24 | DA25 | DA26 | DA27 | DA29 | DA30 | ||||
. Secondary raw materials | . . Additives or blending agents | . . . Skeletal materials, fillers, or reinforcement materials | . . . Metals or metal oxides | . . . Organic macromolecular compounds | . . . Organic compounds with low molecular weight | . . . Natural compounds | . . Solvents | . . . Tar oils or oils extracted from petroleum | ||||
DA32 | DA33 | DA34 | DA35 | DA37 | DA38 | DA39 | DA40 | |||||
. . . Aliphatic or alicyclic solvents | . . . Aromatic or isotactic cyclic solvents | . . . Polar solvents | . . . Solubility coefficients or solubility parameters | . . Treatment agents or reaction agents | . . . Blown-in gases or ambient gases | . . . . Inert gases | . . . . Oxidizing gases | |||||
DA42 | DA43 | DA44 | DA45 | DA46 | DA48 | DA49 | DA50 | |||||
. . . . Reducing gases | . . . . Reactive gases other than oxidizing and reducing gases | . . . . Steam | . . . Inorganic compounds other than gases | . . . Organic compounds other than gases | . . Catalysts, initiators, or accelerating agents | . . . Hydrogen fluoride or boron trifluoride | . Other raw materials | |||||
EA | EA00 PROCESSES |
EA01 | EA02 | EA03 | EA04 | EA05 | EA06 | EA07 | EA08 | EA09 | ||
. Process types | . . Reactions in general | . . . Polymerization or condensation | . . . Hydrogenation | . . . Oxidation | . . . Isomerization | . . . Crosslinking | . . . Decomposition | . . . Coking | ||||
EA12 | EA13 | EA14 | EA15 | EA16 | EA17 | EA18 | ||||||
. . Heat treatments | . . Blowing-in of gas | . . Distillation (i.e., including flash distillation) | . . Dissolution | . . Fusion or melting | . . Extraction (including cleaning) | . . Absorption or adsorption | ||||||
EA22 | EA23 | EA24 | EA25 | EA26 | EA27 | |||||||
. . Separation | . . . Gravity separation or precipitation | . . . Centrifuging | . . . Filtration | . . . Catalyst separation | . . . Skeleton separation | |||||||
EA32 | EA33 | EA34 | EA35 | EA37 | EA38 | EA39 | EA40 | |||||
. . Mixing or dispersion | . . Milling | . . Granulation | . . Cooling or solidification | . Characteristic features or combinations of processes | . . Multi-stage processes | . . Circulation | . . Continuous processes | |||||
EA41 | EA42 | EA44 | EA45 | EA46 | EA47 | EA48 | EA50 | |||||
. Processes characterized by apparatuses or equipment | . . Control or sensing | . Conditions | . . Temperature for processing | . . Pressurization | . . Reduced pressure | . . Supercritical conditions | . Other processes | |||||
FA | FA00 PRODUCTS |
FA01 | FA02 | FA03 | FA04 | FA05 | FA06 | FA07 | FA08 | |||
. Characteristics or forms | . . Precursors | . . Particles or powders | . . Spheres | . . Pellets | . . Porous products | . . Molten liquids or solutions | . . Particles or sphere diameters (i.e., numeric limits or ranges) | |||||
FA11 | FA12 | FA13 | FA14 | FA15 | FA17 | FA18 | FA19 | FA20 | ||||
. Constituent rate (i.e., represented by numerical values) | . . Anisotropic and isotropic rate | . . Hydrogen-to-carbon atomic ratio | . . Solid-carbon ratio | . . Ash content | . . Components that are soluble and insoluble for specific solvents | . . . Quinoline (i.e., quinoline solubility or insolubility) | . . . Pyridine (i.e., pyridine solubility or insolubility) | . . . Benzene (i.e., benzene solubility or insolubility) | ||||
FA22 | FA23 | FA24 | FA25 | FA26 | FA27 | FA28 | FA29 | |||||
. . . Toluene (i.e., toluene solubility or insolubility) | . . . Xylene (i.e., xylene solubility or insolubility) | . . . Hexane (i.e., hexane solubility or insolubility) | . . . Beta-resin values | . . Degree or depth of hydrogenation | . . Aromatic index | . . Number of condensed rings, number of naphthene rings, or ratio of ring carbon constituents | . . Rate of nitrogen removal | |||||
FA31 | FA32 | FA33 | FA34 | FA35 | FA36 | FA37 | FA40 | |||||
. Physical properties or characteristic values | . . Boiling point | . . Softening point | . . Viscosity | . . Solubility coefficients or solubility parameters | . . Nuclear-magnetic-resonance spectrum (NMR) | . . Molecular weight | . Other products | |||||
GA | GA00 PURPOSE AND EFFECTS |
GA01 | GA02 | GA03 | GA04 | GA05 | GA06 | GA07 | GA08 | GA09 | GA10 | |
. Improved composition or physical properties | . . Highly anisotropic ingredients | . . Highly isotropic ingredients | . . Orientation | . . Low-ash components | . . High density | . . Increased weight | . . Homogeneity | . . Mechanical strength | . . High elasticity | |||
GA12 | GA13 | GA14 | GA15 | GA16 | GA17 | GA19 | GA20 | |||||
. . High degree of stretch | . . High softening point | . . Low softening point | . . Low viscosity or permeability | . . Electrical properties | . . Stability (i.e., including stability with regard to heat, oxidation, and storage) | . Improvements to form | . . Uniform particle diameter, or particle diameter distribution | |||||
GA21 | GA22 | GA23 | GA24 | GA25 | GA26 | GA27 | GA28 | |||||
. Improvements to manufacturing or working | . . High yield or high selectivity | . . Degree of tolerance for raw materials | . . Simplification or facilitation of processes | . . Shortening of required time | . . Lengthening of useful life of apparatuses or materials | . . Continuous manufacturing or working | . . Stable operation or work rates | |||||
GA31 | GA32 | GA33 | GA35 | GA40 | ||||||||
. Safety or environmental protection | . . Prevention of bad odors, or prevention of smoke or dust | . . Prevention of coking | . Removal of sodium (NA), chlorine (Cl), waxes, or the like | . Other purposes or effects | ||||||||
HA | HA00 APPLICATIONS |
HA01 | HA02 | HA03 | HA04 | HA05 | HA06 | |||||
. Direct application | . . Carbon fibers | . . Binders | . . Impregnation | . . Matrices | . . Shaped carbon materials or composite carbon materials | |||||||
HA11 | HA12 | HA13 | HA14 | HA15 | HA16 | HA17 | HA18 | HA19 | HA20 | |||
. Final applications | . . Graphite | . . Conductive materials | . . Heat-resistant materials | . . Catalyst carriers | . . Sorbents | . . Ion-exchange bodies | . . Solvents (e.g., for coloring materials) | . . Machine parts or sliding materials | . . Seals or joint materials | |||
HA22 | HA23 | HA24 | HA25 | HA26 | HA27 | HA30 | ||||||
. . Waterproofing or water-blocking layer materials | . . Noise-damping or noise-blocking materials | . . Heat-blocking materials | . . Paving materials | . . Additives, blending agents, or fillers | . . Macromolecular materials or raw materials for interfacial compounds | . Other applications |