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| 4H029 | Manufacture, cracking and refining of hydrocarbon oils | |
| C10G1/00 -99/00 | ||
| C10G9/00-9/42 | AA | AA00 SUBSTANCES TO BE CRACKED |
AA01 | AA02 | AA03 | AA04 | AA05 | AA06 | AA07 | AA08 | AA09 | AA10 |
| . Hydrocarbon oils of low boiling point | . . Naphtha, gasoline | . . Paraffins | . . Olefins | . . Naphthenes | . . Aromatic oils | . Hydrocarbon oils of moderate boiling point | . . Lamp oils | . . Light oils | . Hydrocarbon oils of high boiling point | |||
| AA11 | AA12 | AA13 | AA14 | AA15 | AA16 | AA17 | AA18 | |||||
| . . Heavy oils (( residual oils) | . . . Low pressure light oils | . . . Normal pressure bottom oils | . . . Low pressure bottom oils | . . Asphalt, bitumen | . Crude oil | . Waste oil | . Coal | |||||
| AB | AB00 PRODUCTS OF CRACKING |
AB01 | AB02 | AB03 | AB04 | AB05 | AB06 | AB07 | AB08 | AB09 | AB10 | |
| . Saturated hydrocarbons | . . Saturated cyclic hydrocarbons | . Unsaturated hydrocarbons | . Aromatic hydrocarbons | . Gasoline | . Light oils | . Heavy oils | . Coke | . Pitch | . Gas | |||
| AB11 | AB12 | AB13 | ||||||||||
| . . H2 (i.e., hydrogen), H2S (i.e., hydrogen sulfide) | . . CH4 (i.e., methane), C2H6 (i.e., ethane) | . . LPG (i.e., liquefied petroleum gas) | ||||||||||
| AC | AC00 CONDITIONS FOR CRACKING |
AC01 | AC02 | AC03 | AC04 | AC05 | AC06 | AC07 | AC08 | AC09 | AC10 | |
| . Temperature | . . Low temperatures | . . . Below 430oC | . . . 430-480oC | . . . 480-700oC | . . Moderate temperatures | . . . 700-870oC | . . . 870-980oC | . . High temperatures | . . . 980-1100oC | |||
| AC11 | AC12 | AC13 | AC14 | |||||||||
| . . . Above 1100oC | . Pressure | . Time | . Controlling or regulating temperature, pressure and time | |||||||||
| AD | AD00 ADDITIVES |
AD01 | AD02 | AD03 | AD04 | AD05 | AD06 | AD07 | AD08 | AD09 | AD10 | |
| . Inorganic compounds | . . H2 (i.e., hydrogen) | . . O2 (i.e., oxygen) | . . H2S (i.e., hydrogen sulfide) | . . Ammonia | . . Metals and compounds thereof | . . . Oxides | . . . Hydroxides | . . . Carbonates | . Low molecular organic compounds | |||
| AD11 | AD12 | AD13 | AD14 | AD15 | AD16 | AD17 | AD18 | AD19 | AD20 | |||
| . . Aromatic hydrocarbons (variants made only of carbon and hydrogen) | . . Compounds containing O (i.e., oxygen) | . . . Compounds containing OH (i.e., )hydroxyl groups | . . Compounds containing N (i.e. nitrogen) | . . Compounds containing S (i.e., sulfur) | . . Compounds containing P (i.e., phosphorous) | . Macromolecular organic compounds | . . Agents to prevent accumulation of carbonaceous substances | . Scale inhibitors | . Defoaming agents | |||
| AE | AE00 APPARATUSES AND PROCESSES |
AE01 | AE02 | AE03 | AE04 | AE05 | AE06 | AE07 | AE08 | AE09 | AE10 | |
| . Variants in retorts | . Variants using pressure distillation | . . Apparatuses therefor | . . . Removing incrustation | . Variants using pipes or coils | . . Delayed coking | . . Preventing or removing incrustation | . . Apparatuses | . . . Tube furnaces | . . . . Visbreaking | |||
| AE11 | AE12 | AE13 | AE14 | AE15 | AE16 | AE17 | AE18 | AE19 | AE20 | |||
| . Heating by electrical means | . . High frequency heating | . Heating by other means | . . Plasma heating | . . Heating by solar energy | . . Heating by radioactive rays | . Variants using discontinuously preheated non-moving solid materials | . Variants using preheated moving solid materials | . . Moving beds | . . Fluidized beds | |||
| AE21 | AE22 | AE23 | AE24 | AE25 | AE26 | AE27 | AE28 | AE29 | AE30 | |||
| . . . Fluid coking, sand crackers | . Direct contact with inert heated liquids | . . Direct contact with heated gases or vapors | . . . [illegible] | . Indirect contact with preheated liquids other than heated combustion gases | . [illegible] | . Other apparatus characteristics | . . Partition plates | . . Baffle plates | . . Annular grooves | |||
| C10G11/00;11/10-11/22 | BA | BA00 SUBSTANCES TO BE CRACKED |
BA01 | BA02 | BA03 | BA04 | BA05 | BA06 | BA07 | BA08 | BA09 | BA10 |
| . Hydrocarbon oils of low melting point | . . Naphtha, gasoline | . . Paraffins | . . Olefins | . . Naphthenes | . . Aromatic oils | . Hydrocarbon oils of moderate boiling point | . . Lamp oils | . . Light oils | . Hydrocarbon oils of high boiling point | |||
| BA11 | BA12 | BA13 | BA14 | BA15 | BA16 | BA17 | BA18 | |||||
| . . Heavy oils (( residual oils) | . . . Low pressure light oils | . . . Normal pressure bottom oils | . . . Low pressure bottom oils | . . Asphalt, bitumen | . Crude oil | . Waste oil | . Coal | |||||
| BB | BB00 PRODUCTS OF CRACKING |
BB01 | BB02 | BB03 | BB04 | BB05 | BB06 | BB07 | BB08 | BB09 | BB10 | |
| . Saturated hydrocarbons | . . Saturated cyclic hydrocarbons | . Unsaturated hydrocarbons | . Aromatic hydrocarbons | . Gasoline | . Light oils | . Heavy oils | . Coke | . Pitch | . Gas | |||
| BB11 | BB12 | BB13 | ||||||||||
| . . H2 (i.e., hydrogen), H2S (i.e., hydrogen sulfide) | . . CH4 (i.e., methane), C2H6 (i.e., ethane) | . . LPG (i.e., liquefied petroleum gas) | ||||||||||
| BC | BC00 CONDITIONS FOR CRACKING |
BC01 | BC02 | BC03 | BC04 | BC05 | BC06 | BC07 | BC08 | BC09 | BC10 | |
| . Temperature | . . Below 490oC | . . 490-520oC | . . Above 520oC | . Pressure | . Controlling or regulating temperature, pressure | . Time of contact with catalyst, time for which catalyst remains in reaction column | . Ratio of catalyst to oil | . Spatial speed | . Catalyst activity (( amount of coking of regenerated catalyst) | |||
| BD | BD00 APPARATUSES/PROCESSES |
BD01 | BD02 | BD03 | BD04 | BD05 | BD06 | BD07 | BD08 | BD09 | BD10 | |
| . Variants characterized by the catalysts | . Variants using non-moving catalyst beds | . Discontinuously preheated non-moving solid catalysts | . Variants using preheated moving solid catalysts | . . "Moving bed" technique | . . . Thermofor catalytic cracking | . . . Hood reflow catalytic cracking | . . "Fluidized bed" techniques | . . . Union Oil Co. processes (i.e., UOP) | . . . Shell two-stage systems | |||
| BD11 | BD12 | BD13 | BD14 | BD15 | BD16 | BD17 | BD18 | BD19 | BD20 | |||
| . . . Flexi-cracking, Esso IV types | . . . Orthoflow | . . . Texaco | . . . Gulf | . . . Ultracat cracking | . . . Arco cracking | . Direct contact with inert heated gases or vapors | . . Manufacture by partial combustion of the material to be cracked | . Other apparatus characteristics | . . Feed methods | |||
| BE | BE00 OTHERS |
BE01 | BE02 | BE03 | BE04 | BE05 | BE06 | BE07 | BE08 | BE09 | BE10 | |
| . Magnetic separation | . Preventing clogging | . Passivation of contaminants | . . Metals | . . . Vanadium | . . . Nickel | . Reducing contaminants in waste gas | . . CO (i.e., carbon monoxide) | . . SOx (i.e., sulfur oxides) | . . NOx (i.e., nitrogen oxides) | |||
| BE11 | BE12 | BE13 | BE14 | |||||||||
| . . Scattered catalysts | . Catalyst regeneration | . Waste catalyst stripping | . Protecting apparatuses | |||||||||
| C10G1/10 | CA | CA00 MANUFACTURE OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES FROM RUBBER OR PLASTIC WASTE |
CA01 | CA02 | CA03 | CA04 | CA05 | CA06 | CA07 | CA08 | CA09 | CA10 |
| . Pyrolysis, dry distillation | . . Heat mediums | . . . Molten metals | . . . Solids | . . . Liquids | . . . . Oils produced by cracking of the materials to be cracked | . . . Gases | . . . . Gases produced by cracking of the materials to be cracked | . . Catalysts | . . . Fluidized beds | |||
| CA11 | CA12 | CA13 | CA14 | CA15 | CA16 | |||||||
| . . Electromagnetic waves, lines of magnetic force | . . Apparatuses | . Hydrocracking | . Separation, refining of liquefied oils | . Control or regulation | . Others | |||||||
| C10G51/00-69/14 | DA | DA00 MULTI-STEP PROCESSES |
DA01 | DA02 | DA03 | DA04 | DA05 | DA06 | DA07 | DA08 | DA09 | DA10 |
| . Distillation | . Pyrolysis | . Contact cracking | . Acid or alkaline treatment | . Extraction | . Addition of chemicals, adsorption by chemicals | . Electrical or magnetic cracking | . Reforming naphtha | . Removal of hetero atoms in the presence of hydrogen | . Hydrogenation | |||
| DA11 | DA12 | DA13 | DA14 | |||||||||
| . [illegible] | . Cracking in the presence of hydrogen | . . De-waxing | . Others |