| ReturnTo Theme-Group-Choice | Onelevelup |
| 2G028 | Measurement of resistance or impedance | |
| G01R27/00 -27/32 | ||
| G01R27/00-27/32 | AA | AA00 PURPOSE OF THE INVENTION |
AA01 | AA02 | AA03 | AA04 | AA05 | AA06 | ||||
| . Improvement of accuracy | . Improvement of operation | . Structural improvement or improvement of arrangement | . Improvement of contact with the object to be measured or improvement of the probe | . Improvement of signal processing | . Improvement of signal transmission | |||||||
| BB | BB00 ELEMENT TO BE MEASURED |
BB01 | BB02 | BB03 | BB04 | BB05 | BB06 | BB07 | BB08 | BB09 | BB10 | |
| . Resistance elements (R) | . . Variable resistance elements | . . Low-resistance elements | . . High resistance elements | . Insulation bodies (i.e., dielectric bodies) | . Capacitance elements (C) | . Induction elements or coil elements (L) | . . Self-induction (i.e., coil) elements | . . Mutual-induction (i.e., coil) elements | . Impedance bodies (Z, Y) | |||
| BB11 | BB12 | BB13 | BB14 | BB20 | ||||||||
| . Semiconductors | . . Diodes | . . Transistors, field effect transistors (FET), or integrated circuits (IC) | . Vacuum tubes | . Others | ||||||||
| BC | BC00 OBJECTS TO BE MEASURED |
BC01 | BC02 | BC03 | BC04 | BC05 | BC06 | BC07 | BC10 | |||
| . Planar bodies or plate-shaped bodies | . . Thin films | . Powders | . Liquids | . Gases | . Earth connection | . Organisms or human bodies | . Others | |||||
| BD | BD00 CIRCUITS TO BE MEASURED |
BD01 | BD02 | BD03 | BD04 | BD05 | BD10 | |||||
| . Delay circuits or delay lines | . Filtering circuits or filters | . Resonance circuits or resonators | . Oscillation circuits or oscillators | . Amplification circuits or amplifiers | . Others | |||||||
| BE | BE00 EQUIPMENT TO BE MEASURED |
BE01 | BE02 | BE03 | BE04 | BE05 | BE06 | BE07 | BE08 | BE09 | BE10 | |
| . Antennae | . Relays, switches, or contacts | . Circuit breakers | . Batteries | . Transformers or current transformers | . Motors or generators | . Other rotary machines | . Grounding plates or grounding wires | . Structures or buried objects | . Others | |||
| BF | BF00 WIRES OR LINES TO BE MEASURED |
BF01 | BF02 | BF03 | BF04 | BF05 | BF06 | BF07 | BF08 | BF10 | ||
| . Power transmission or distribution wires or cables | . . Single-phase or single-phase three-wire arrangements | . . Three-phase or multi-phase arrangements | . . Direct-current lines | . Signal or transmission wires or cables | . Coaxial wires or parallel feeder wires | . Waveguides | . Micro-strip lines | . Others | ||||
| CG | CG00 VALUES OR PARAMETERS TO BE MEASURED |
CG01 | CG02 | CG03 | CG04 | CG05 | CG06 | CG07 | CG08 | CG09 | CG10 | |
| . Measurement of two or more values | . Resistance (R) or conductivity | . . Insulation resistance | . . Contact resistance | . . Earth resistance | . Inductance (L) | . Capacitance (C) | . Impedance or admittance (WL, 1/WC, R) | . Dielectric constant (e) | . Dielectric tangent (i.e., tand), loss angle, or loss factor | |||
| CG11 | CG12 | CG13 | CG14 | CG15 | CG16 | CG17 | CG18 | CG19 | CG20 | |||
| . Loss or transmission loss | . Quantity of attenuation | . Resonance characteristics, resonance frequency | . . Amount of resonance selectivity (Q) | . Reflection characteristics or transmittance characteristics | . Standing waves, standing wave ratio (SWR) or voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) | . Matching or mismatching | . Phase constant | . Phase or phase-shift characteristics | . Frequency response or characteristics | |||
| CG21 | CG22 | CG23 | CG24 | CG25 | CG26 | CG30 | ||||||
| . Transient characteristics | . Transfer functions | . Distortion characteristics or amount of transmission distortion | . Delay characteristics | . . Group delay characteristics | . Gain | . Others | ||||||
| DH | DH00 VOLTAGE OR CURRENT APPLIED TO THE OBJECTS TO BE MEASURED |
DH01 | DH02 | DH03 | DH04 | DH05 | DH06 | DH07 | DH08 | DH09 | DH10 | |
| . Use of voltage originally applied to object to be measured | . . Use as the power supply of measuring apparatus | . Direct current | . Current other than direct current | . . Sinusoidal waves | . . Pulses | . . Staircase waves | . . Triangular waves or saw-tooth waves | . . Noise | . Voltage or current variation or sweep | |||
| DH11 | DH12 | DH13 | DH14 | DH15 | DH16 | DH17 | DH18 | DH19 | DH20 | |||
| . Frequency variables or sweep | . Regulated voltage | . Regulated current | . High frequency (i.e., 1KHz or more) | . . Frequencies higher than microwave frequency | . Ultra low frequency (i.e., several Hz or less) | . Light (i.e., including infrared or ultraviolet) | . Radiation | . . Electron beams | . . X-rays | |||
| DH21 | DH22 | DH30 | ||||||||||
| . Temperature | . Pressure | . Others | ||||||||||
| EJ | EJ00 CIRCUITS CONNECTED WITH THE OBJECTS TO BE MEASURED |
EJ01 | EJ02 | EJ03 | EJ04 | EJ05 | EJ06 | EJ07 | EJ08 | EJ10 | ||
| . Tuning or resonance circuits | . Oscillation circuits | . . Sinusoidal-wave-generation circuits | . . Pulse-generation circuits | . Differential circuits | . Integration circuit | . Bridges | . . Schering bridges | . Others | ||||
| FK | FK00 MEASURING METHOD |
FK01 | FK02 | FK03 | FK04 | FK05 | FK06 | FK07 | FK08 | FK09 | FK10 | |
| . Conversion of measurement quantities into voltage | . Conversion of measurement quantities into current | . Conversion of measurement quantities into frequency | . Detection of measurement quantities based on the presence or absence of oscillation | . Conversion of measurement quantities into pulses | . Conversion of measurement quantities into time spans | . Use of standard elements, reference elements or comparison elements | . Use of standard, reference, or comparison voltages | . Insertion of a element or circuit to assist measurement into the circuit to be measured | . Others | |||
| GL | GL00 SIGNAL PROCESSING |
GL01 | GL02 | GL03 | GL04 | GL05 | GL06 | GL07 | GL08 | GL09 | GL10 | |
| . Temperature compensation | . Sampling of phase components or signal processing using phase components (i.e., vectors) | . . Phase detection, synchronization detection, or synchronization rectification | . Correlation | . . Self-correlation | . Fourier transformation | . Analog-to-digital or digital-to-analog conversion | . Time division processing | . Sampling or sample holding | . Peak values or hold values | |||
| GL11 | GL12 | GL13 | GL14 | GL15 | GL16 | GL17 | GL20 | |||||
| . Averages | . Integration | . Differentiation | . Change of indication characteristics | . . Switching of range | . . Compression or expansion | . . . Logarithmic conversion | . Others | |||||
| HM | HM00 PROBES IN GENERAL |
HM01 | HM02 | HM03 | HM04 | HM05 | HM06 | HM07 | HM08 | HM10 | ||
| . Probes for live lines | . . Probes for high voltage (i.e., 1KV or more) | . . Probes for high current | . Insulation means | . Conductors or conducting units | . Circuit configuration | . . Switching or connection of the object to be tested | . Positioning or movement mechanisms | . Others | ||||
| HN | HN00 CONNECTION UNITS AGAINST THE OBJECT TO BE TESTED OR PROBE ELECTRODES |
HN01 | HN02 | HN03 | HN04 | HN05 | HN06 | HN07 | HN08 | HN09 | HN10 | |
| . Solid electrodes | . Electrodes for grounds | . Electrodes for use with liquid | . Electrodes for gases | . Moist electrodes (i.e., electrolyte-soaked) | . Liquid electrodes | . Switching or connection of object to be tested | . Positioning or movement mechanisms | . Two terminals | . Three terminals | |||
| HN11 | HN12 | HN13 | HN14 | HN15 | HN16 | HN20 | ||||||
| . Four terminals | . Five or more terminals | . Separate terminals for application and measurement | . Non-contact units | . . Use of electromagnetic induction or coils | . . . Current transformers | . Others | ||||||
| JP | JP00 MEANS FOR CONVEYING OR SCREENING OF THE OBJECT TO BE TESTED |
JP01 | JP02 | JP03 | JP04 | JP10 | ||||||
| . Means for conveyance or transportation | . . Rotary bodies or rotation mechanisms | . Means for screening | . Positioning | . Others | ||||||||
| KQ | KQ00 SIGNAL TRANSMISSION |
KQ01 | KQ02 | KQ03 | KQ04 | KQ05 | KQ06 | KQ07 | KQ08 | KQ09 | KQ10 | |
| . Single wire | . Two wires | . Three wires | . Four wires or more | . Brushes or sliding bodies | . Induction couplings or rotary transformers | . Wireless transmission | . Acoustic or ultrasonic waves | . Light, optical fibers, or photocouplers | . Others | |||
| LR | LR00 INDICATION OR ALARMS |
LR01 | LR02 | LR03 | LR04 | LR05 | LR06 | LR07 | LR08 | LR09 | LR10 | |
| . Indication by analog numerical values | . Indication by digital numerical values | . Indication by sound (i.e., frequency or audible alarms) | . Indication by light (i.e., lamps or light-emitting diodes) | . Indication of predetermined values or of values that are above or below predetermined values | . Alarms | . Recording devices | . Creation of graphs | . Indication or recording of waveforms | . . Oscilloscopes or synchroscopes | |||
| LR11 | LR12 | LR13 | LR14 | LR20 | ||||||||
| . Reference or marker signals | . . Frequency markers | . . Level markers | . Simultaneous or switching indication of multiple signals | . Others | ||||||||
| MS | MS00 OTHER CHARACTERISTICS |
MS01 | MS02 | MS03 | MS04 | MS05 | MS06 | |||||
| . Measurement of live wires | . Checking or calibration functions | . Incorporation into other devices or equipment | . Movement mechanisms for measuring apparatuses | . Protection or safety devices or circuits | . Superconductivity |