| ReturnTo Theme-Group-Choice | Onelevelup |
| 3K092 | RESISTANCE HEATING | |
| H05B3/02 -3/18;3/40-3/82 | ||
| H05B3/02-3/18;3/40-3/82 | PP | PP00 APPLICATIONS OR USE |
PP01 | PP02 | PP03 | PP05 | PP06 | PP08 | PP09 | PP10 | ||
| . Ovens or ranges | . Rice cookers | . Cooking plates or electric hot plates | . Electric heating blankets or electric carpets | . Electric stoves or electric Japanese tables (i.e., kotatsu) | . Heating rollers | . Electric furnaces | . . Melting furnaces | |||||
| PP11 | PP13 | PP15 | PP16 | PP18 | PP20 | |||||||
| . Fluid transport tubes | . Underwater heaters and thermos or immersion heaters | . Vehicles or aircraft | . Glow plugs or preheating plugs | . Copying machines or thermal printers | . Others* | |||||||
| QA | QA00 SHAPES OF HEAT GENERATORS |
QA01 | QA02 | QA03 | QA04 | QA05 | QA06 | QA07 | QA08 | QA09 | QA10 | |
| . Rod-shaped (Drawing) | . Tubular or ring-shaped (Drawing) | . Linear (Drawing) | . Coil-shaped or spiral (Drawing) | . Planar (Drawing) | . . Band or tape-shaped (Drawing) | . Cubic or rectangular parallelepiped (Drawing) | . . Harmonica-shaped (Drawing) | . Ball-shaped (Drawing) | . Others* | |||
| QB | QB00 HEATING CONDUCTORS |
QB01 | QB02 | QB03 | QB04 | QB05 | QB06 | QB07 | QB08 | QB09 | QB10 | |
| . Materials* | . . Metals* | . . Ceramics made of inorganic substances* | . . . Metallic oxides or oxysalts* | . . . . Barium titanate (BaTiO3) | . . . . Zirconium oxide (ZrO2) | . . . . Lanthanum chromite series | . . . Carbides* | . . . . Silicon carbide (SiC) | . . . Silicide* | |||
| QB11 | QB12 | QB13 | QB14 | QB15 | QB16 | QB17 | QB18 | QB19 | QB20 | |||
| . . . . Molybdenum silicide (MOSi2) | . . . Nitride* | . . . . Silicon nitride (Si3N4) | . . Carbon | . . . Graphite | . . . Carbon fibers | . . Organic resins* | . . . Conductive powder or fiber mixing | . . . . Carbon powder or fiber mixing | . . [Auxiliary agents] e.g., sintering accelerators and cross-linking agents* | |||
| QB21 | QB22 | QB23 | QB24 | QB25 | QB26 | QB27 | QB28 | QB29 | QB30 | |||
| . . Characteristic positive resistance-temperature coefficients (PTC) | . . Characteristic negative resistance-temperature coefficients (NTC) | . Shapes | . . Rod-shaped (Drawing) | . . Tubular or ring-shaped (Drawing) | . . Linear (Drawing) | . . . Coil-shaped (Drawing) | . . . . Double-coil | . . . . Cross-sectional shapes (Drawing) | . . Planar | |||
| QB31 | QB32 | QB33 | QB34 | QB35 | QB36 | QB37 | QB38 | QB39 | QB40 | |||
| . . . Films, sheets, or foils (Drawing) | . . . Plates (Drawing) | . . . Bands, tapes, or ribbons (Drawing) | . . Cubic or rectangular parallelepiped conductors (Drawing) | . . Amorphous spongy conductors (Drawing) | . . Conductors with recesses and projections (Drawing) | . . Conductors with holes (Drawing) | . . . Shapes of through-holes (Drawing) | . . . . Distribution of holes (Drawing) | . . Conductors with slits (Drawing) | |||
| QB41 | QB42 | QB43 | QB44 | QB45 | QB47 | QB48 | QB49 | QB50 | ||||
| . Arrangements | . . Dense and rough arrangements (Drawing) | . . Patterns (Drawing) | . . . Spiral arrangements (Drawing) | . . . Meandering arrangements (Drawing) | . Connection of two or more heating conductors | . . Serial connection (Drawing) | . . Parallel connection (Drawing) | . . Series-parallel connection (Drawing) | ||||
| QB51 | QB52 | QB53 | QB54 | QB55 | QB56 | QB58 | QB59 | QB60 | ||||
| . . Stand-alone control (Drawing) | . . Switching control (Drawing) | . . Combination of heating conductors with different characteristics | . . . Positive temperature coefficient combined with a positive temperature coefficient (PTC+PTC) | . . . Other than a positive temperature coefficient combined with a positive temperature coefficient (PTC+PTC) | . . Connection structure (Drawing) | . Surface treatments | . . Coatings | . . . Materials* | ||||
| QB61 | QB62 | QB63 | QB64 | QB65 | QB66 | QB67 | QB68 | QB69 | QB70 | |||
| . . . . Metals* | . . . . Inorganic ceramics* | . . . . . Metallic oxides* | . . . . . Enamels* | . . . . Organic resins* | . . . Coating methods | . . . . Thermal spraying | . . . . Application | . . . . Vapor deposition or plating | . . . . Bonding, fusion, or welding | |||
| QB71 | QB72 | QB73 | QB74 | QB75 | QB76 | QB77 | QB78 | QB79 | QB80 | |||
| . Manufacturing methods | . . Extrusion molding | . . Punching | . . Sintering or burning | . . Baking | . . Application or printing | . . Thermal spraying | . . Vapor deposition or spattering | . . Cross-linking | . Others* | |||
| QC | QC00 ELECTRODES OR CONNECTION TERMINALS |
QC01 | QC02 | QC03 | QC04 | QC05 | QC06 | QC07 | QC08 | QC09 | QC10 | |
| . Materials* | . . Metals* | . . . Aluminum (Al) | . . . . Aluminum alloys | . . . Copper (Cu) | . . . . Copper-base alloys | . . . Silver (Ag) | . . . Stainless steel | . . Carbon | . . . Graphite | |||
| QC11 | QC12 | QC13 | QC15 | QC16 | QC17 | QC18 | QC19 | QC20 | ||||
| . . . Carbon fiber | . . Organic resin* | . . Inorganic ceramics* | . Shapes | . . Linear electrodes (Drawing) | . . . Braided wires (Drawing) | . . Rods (Drawing) | . . Planar electrodes | . . . Films, sheets or foils (Drawing) | ||||
| QC21 | QC22 | QC24 | QC25 | QC26 | QC27 | QC28 | QC29 | QC30 | ||||
| . . . Plates (Drawing) | . . Elasticity or spring-loading (Drawing) | . Arrangement | . . Planar parallel electrodes (Drawing) | . . Vertical parallel electrodes (Drawing) | . . Side parallel electrodes (Drawing) | . . Built-in parallel electrodes (Drawing) | . . Winding parallel electrodes (Drawing) | . . Homocentric or concentric electrodes (Drawing) | ||||
| QC31 | QC32 | QC33 | QC34 | QC35 | QC36 | QC37 | QC38 | |||||
| . . Split electrodes or multiple electrodes (Drawing) | . . Laminated electrodes (Drawing) | . . Electrodes with through-holes (Drawing) | . . . Electrodes within through-holes (Drawing) | . . Electrodes serving also as radiator plates (Drawing) | . . Common electrodes (Drawing) | . . Terminals on both sides (Drawing) | . . Terminals on one side (Drawing) | |||||
| QC41 | QC42 | QC43 | QC44 | QC45 | QC46 | QC47 | QC48 | QC49 | QC50 | |||
| . Connections | . . Connection structure between electrodes and heating conductors | . . Connection structure between electrodes and lead wires | . . Intermediate connecting bodies (Drawing) | . . . Materials* | . . Molding (Drawing) | . . Heat-shrinking tubes | . Mounting | . . Painting or printing | . . Thermal spraying | |||
| QC51 | QC52 | QC53 | QC54 | QC55 | QC56 | QC57 | QC58 | QC59 | QC60 | |||
| . . Welding | . . . Brazing or soldering | . . Vapor deposition | . . Fusion | . . Bonding (with adhesives) | . . . Conductive adhesives | . . . Insulating adhesives | . . Baking | . . Mechanical combination | . Surface treatments | |||
| QC61 | QC62 | QC63 | QC64 | QC65 | QC66 | QC67 | QC68 | QC69 | QC70 | |||
| . . Variants with dents and projections (Drawing) | . . Variants with holes (Drawing) | . . Variants with grooves (Drawing) | . . Variants with screws (Drawing) | . . Coatings | . . . Materials* | . Cooling | . . Water cooling (Drawing) | . . Air cooling (Drawing) | . Others* | |||
| RA | RA00 TYPES OF ROD-SHAPED OR TUBULAR HEAT GENERATORS |
RA01 | RA02 | RA03 | RA04 | RA05 | RA06 | RA07 | RA08 | RA09 | RA10 | |
| . Sheath types (Drawing) | . Cartridge types (Drawing) | . Hollow types (Drawing) | . Embedding types without sheaths (Drawing) | . Simple rod-shaped (Drawing) | . Tubular or ring-shaped (Drawing) | . Cross-sectional shapes (Drawing) | . Axial shapes (Drawing) | . Perpendicular use (Drawing) | . Others* | |||
| RB | RB00 FILLERS FOR ROD SHAPED OR TUBULAR HEAT GENERATORS |
RB01 | RB02 | RB03 | RB04 | RB05 | RB06 | RB07 | RB08 | |||
| . Materials* | . . Inorganic ceramics* | . . . Metallic oxides* | . . . . Magnesium oxide (MgO) | . . . . Aluminum oxide (Al2O3) | . . . . Nickel oxide (NiO) | . . . Borides (e.g., boron nitride [BN])* | . . . Nitrides (e.g., silicon nitride [Si3N4])* | |||||
| RB11 | RB12 | RB13 | RB14 | RB15 | RB16 | RB18 | RB19 | RB20 | ||||
| . . Organic resins* | . . . Silicone oils | . . . Silicone resins | . . Gases* | . . Liquids* | . . Mixtures* | . Shapes | . . Powder grain diameter (Drawing) | . . Grain surface powder grain (Drawing) | ||||
| RB21 | RB22 | RB23 | RB25 | RB26 | RB27 | RB28 | RB29 | RB30 | ||||
| . . Formed or molded bodies | . . . Rod-shaped types (Drawing) | . . . Tubular types (Drawing) | . Filling apparatuses or filling methods | . Methods for manufacturing fillers | . . Sintering | . . Granulation | . Filling density | . Others* | ||||
| RC | RC00 SEALS OF ROD-SHAPED OR TUBULAR HEAT GENERATORS |
RC01 | RC02 | RC03 | RC04 | RC05 | RC06 | RC07 | RC08 | RC09 | RC10 | |
| . Materials* | . . Glass* | . . . Alkali measures | . . . Silica (SiO2) | . . Resins* | . . . Rubbers | . . . Silicone resins | . . . Epoxy resins | . . . Fluororesin | . . Ceramics (including insulator materials)* | |||
| RC11 | RC12 | RC13 | RC14 | RC15 | RC16 | RC17 | RC18 | RC19 | RC20 | |||
| . . Heat-shrinking tubes | . . Porous or fibrous types | . . Mixtures* | . . . Reinforcement (e.g., glass fibers) | . Shapes | . . Plugs or caps (Drawing) | . . Molding (Drawing) | . . Multiple layers (Drawing) | . . Composites (Drawing) | . . Use of sleeves (Drawing) | |||
| RC21 | RC22 | RC23 | RC24 | RC25 | RC26 | RC27 | RC28 | RC29 | RC30 | |||
| . . Recesses and projections (Drawing) | . Manufacturing methods | . . Temporary sealing | . . Removal of part of the filler materials | . . Impregnation | . . Heating or melting by heating | . . Application of pressure, compression, or pressing | . . Bonding | . . Welding or brazing | . Others* | |||
| RD | RD00 PIPES OF ROD-SHAPED OR TUBULAR HEAT GENERATORS |
RD01 | RD02 | RD03 | RD04 | RD05 | RD06 | RD07 | RD08 | RD09 | RD10 | |
| . Materials* | . . Metals* | . . . Stainless steel | . . . Incoloys | . . . Titanium | . . . Copper | . . . Iron | . . . Aluminum | . . Inorganic ceramics* | . . . Glass* | |||
| RD11 | RD12 | RD13 | RD15 | RD16 | RD17 | RD18 | RD20 | |||||
| . . . . Silica (SiO2, e.g., quartz) | . . Organic substances* | . . Flexible pipes | . Shapes | . . Laminated (Drawing) | . . Multiple structures (Drawing) | . . End shapes (Drawing) | . Fins or radiating means | |||||
| RD21 | RD22 | RD23 | RD24 | RD25 | RD26 | RD27 | RD28 | RD29 | RD30 | |||
| . Surface treatments | . . Coatings | . . . Materials* | . . . . Metals* | . . . . Inorganic ceramics* | . . . . . Metallic oxides* | . . . . . Enamels* | . . . . Organic resins* | . . . Coating methods | . . . . Thermal spraying | |||
| RD31 | RD32 | RD33 | RD34 | RD35 | RD36 | RD38 | RD39 | RD40 | ||||
| . . . . Bonding | . . . . Oxidation | . . . . Application | . . . Lamination | . . . Infrared radiation materials | . . Uneven surfaces (Drawing) | . Manufacturing methods | . . Bending | . . Reduction in diameter | ||||
| RD41 | RD42 | RD43 | RD44 | RD45 | RD46 | RD47 | RD50 | |||||
| . . Application of pressure, compression, or pressing | . . Heating | . . Blast processing | . . Annealing | . . Welding | . . . Brazing | . . Sequence of the steps in the production process | . Others* | |||||
| RE | RE00 LINEAR HEAT GENERATORS |
RE01 | RE02 | RE03 | RE05 | RE06 | RE08 | RE09 | RE10 | |||
| . Exposure (Drawing) | . Insulating coatings (Drawing) | . . Materials* | . Laminated structure (Drawing) | . Two or more coaxial windings (Drawing) | . Multiple standing elements (Drawing) | . Cross-sectional shapes (Drawing) | . Others* | |||||
| RF | RF00 PLANAR HEAT GENERATORS |
RF01 | RF02 | RF03 | RF04 | RF05 | RF06 | RF08 | RF09 | RF10 | ||
| . Shapes of bases | . . Films or sheets (Drawing) | . . Plates (Drawing) | . . Cloths (Drawing) | . . Elastic bodies (e.g., sponges) (Drawing) | . . Through-holes (e.g., honeycomb, net, or grating) (Drawing) | . Base materials* | . . Metals* | . . . Casting or die casting | ||||
| RF11 | RF12 | RF13 | RF14 | RF16 | RF17 | RF18 | RF19 | RF20 | ||||
| . . Inorganic ceramics* | . . . Glass* | . . Organic substances* | . . . Resins* | . Shapes of the heating conductors or heat generators mounted on the base | . . Planar types (Drawing) | . . Rod-shaped or tubular types (Drawing) | . . Linear types (Drawing) | . . . Coil-shaped types (Drawing) | ||||
| RF21 | RF22 | RF23 | RF24 | RF25 | RF26 | RF27 | RF28 | RF30 | ||||
| . Positions of the heating conductors or heat generators mounted on the base | . . Single side (Drawing) | . . Both sides (Drawing) | . . Mounting on the entire surface (Drawing) | . . Mounting within a groove (Drawing) | . . Mounting between bases (Drawing) | . . Inclusion (Drawing) | . . Support (Drawing) | . Others* | ||||
| SS | SS00 HEAT CONDUCTION |
SS01 | SS02 | SS03 | SS04 | SS05 | SS06 | SS07 | SS08 | SS09 | SS10 | |
| . Thermal insulation | . . Materials* | . . . Gas or air layers* | . . Shapes | . . Mounting or arrangement | . Thermal storage | . . Materials* | . . . Liquids or water* | . . Shapes | . . Mounting or arrangement | |||
| SS11 | SS12 | SS13 | SS14 | SS15 | SS16 | SS17 | SS18 | SS19 | SS20 | |||
| . Heat transfer (e.g., heat-equalizing plate) | . . Materials* | . . Shapes | . . Mounting or arrangement | . Heat radiation | . . Materials* | . . . Metals* | . . . Non-metals (e.g., ceramics)* | . . Shapes | . . . Fins (Drawing) | |||
| SS21 | SS22 | SS23 | SS24 | SS25 | SS26 | SS27 | SS28 | SS29 | SS30 | |||
| . . . . Axial direction types (Drawing) | . . . . Radial direction types (Drawing) | . . . Corrugated types (Drawing) | . . . Plate types (Drawing) | . . . Block or porous materials | . . . Multiple layers (Drawing) | . . . Through-holes (Drawing) | . . . Uneven surfaces (Drawing) | . . . Surface coatings | . . Mounting or arrangement | |||
| SS31 | SS32 | SS33 | SS34 | SS35 | SS36 | SS37 | SS38 | SS39 | SS40 | |||
| . . Manufacturing methods | . . Infrared rays | . . . Materials* | . . . . Ceramics* | . . . . . Zirconium oxide (ZrO2) | . . . . . Titanium oxide (TiO2) | . . . . . Alumina (Al2O3) | . . . . . Iron oxides (Fe2O3,FeO) | . . . . Non-ceramic materials* | . . . Far-infrared radiation | |||
| SS41 | SS42 | SS43 | SS44 | SS45 | SS47 | SS48 | SS50 | |||||
| . . . Combination of different wave lengths | . . . Laminated structure | . . . Convection prevention (Drawing) | . . . Mounting | . . . Manufacturing methods | . Heat reflection (Shape) (Drawing) | . . Materials* | . Others* | |||||
| TT | TT00 MOUNTINGS AND SUPPORTS |
TT01 | TT02 | TT03 | TT04 | TT05 | TT06 | TT07 | TT08 | TT09 | ||
| . Windings (Drawing) | . . Shapes of supports | . . . Supports with grooves (Drawing) | . . . Holes for pass-through of filler materials (Drawing) | . Hooks (Drawing) | . Fittings (Drawing) | . Press-welding or pressing (Drawing) | . Through-holes (Drawing) | . . Support plates (Drawing) | ||||
| TT11 | TT12 | TT13 | TT14 | TT15 | TT16 | TT17 | TT18 | TT19 | TT20 | |||
| . Pipe contacts (Drawing) | . . Uneven contact within the pipe (Drawing) | . Support within the pipe (Drawing) | . Drooping or lowering (Drawing) | . Band-shaped mountings (Drawing) | . Placement (Drawing) | . Engagement or pinching (Drawing) | . Magnets | . Recesses and projections or tongue and grooves (Drawing) | . Wedges or tapers (Drawing) | |||
| TT21 | TT22 | TT24 | TT25 | TT26 | TT27 | TT28 | TT29 | TT30 | ||||
| . Shock absorbers (Drawing) | . . Springs or elastic bodies | . Welding | . . Brazing | . Thermal spraying | . Bonding (with adhesive) (Drawing) | . Fusion or welding (Drawing) | . Casting | . Painting or printing | ||||
| TT31 | TT32 | TT34 | TT35 | TT36 | TT37 | TT38 | TT39 | TT40 | ||||
| . Vapor deposition or spattering | . Plating | . Arrangement of the heat conductors of tubular heaters | . . Arrangement on the exterior (Drawing) | . . Arrangement on the interior (Drawing) | . . Built-in variants (Drawing) | . . Axial arrangement (Drawing) | . . Coil-shaped variants (Drawing) | . Others* | ||||
| UA | UA00 DETECTION |
UA01 | UA02 | UA04 | UA05 | UA06 | UA08 | UA09 | ||||
| . Temperature sensing | . . Mechanical sensing | . . Electrical sensing | . . . Thermo-couples | . . . Use of changes in impedance (e.g., thermistors) | . . Magnetic sensing | . . Chemical sensing | ||||||
| UA11 | UA12 | UA14 | UA15 | UA17 | UA18 | UA19 | UA20 | |||||
| . Moisture or humidity detection | . Pressure sensing | . Disconnection detection | . Leak detection | . Position of sensors | . Means for mounting sensors | . Sensors serving also as heat generators | . Others* | |||||
| UB | UB00 ATMOSPHERE |
UB01 | UB02 | UB03 | UB04 | |||||||
| . Heating atmosphere | . . Oxidizing atmospheres | . . Neutral atmospheres | . . Reducing atmospheres | |||||||||
| UC | UC00 ELECTRICAL PARTS |
UC01 | UC02 | UC03 | UC04 | UC05 | UC07 | UC08 | ||||
| . Electric power sources | . . Direct-current (DC) power sources | . . . Electric battery | . . Polyphase power sources | . . Different power sources | . Control circuits | . Fuses | ||||||
| VV | VV00 PURPOSE AND EFFECTS |
VV01 | VV02 | VV03 | VV04 | VV06 | VV07 | VV08 | VV09 | VV10 | ||
| . Simplification of structure | . Positioning | . Ease of assembly, application, disassembly, mounting or dismounting | . Miniaturization or weight reduction | . Improvement in electrical insulation, electric shock, and leak prevention | . . Earth ground | . Migration prevention | . Oxidation or corrosion prevention | . . Electric corrosion and galvanic corrosion (bimetallic corrosion) | ||||
| VV11 | VV12 | VV13 | VV15 | VV16 | VV18 | VV19 | ||||||
| . Pressure reduction or prevention of increases in pressure | . Waterproofing or air tightness | . . Dehumidifying (e.g., with drying agents) | . Speed of temperature rise or speed of temperature drops | . . Quick-heating | . Adjustment of impedance | . . Improvement in resistance characteristics | ||||||
| VV21 | VV22 | VV23 | VV25 | VV26 | VV27 | VV28 | VV29 | VV30 | ||||
| . Temperature distribution | . . Uniform heating | . . Heating of specific parts | . Safety, abnormal heating fire prevention | . Prevention of deformation | . Inductive-fault prevention (e.g., prevention of induction) | . Measures for disconnection and fusing | . . Means other than heating conductors (e.g., control circuits or connectors) | . Rush-current measures | ||||
| VV31 | VV32 | VV33 | VV34 | VV35 | VV36 | VV37 | VV38 | VV40 | ||||
| . Mechanical strength or crack prevention of the sealing parts | . . Reinforcement members | . Prevention of freezing and dew condensation prevention, or melting of snow | . Heat resistance or expansion from heat resistance | . . Relationship to the thermal-expansion coefficient | . . Structure of the thermal expansion absorbing members | . Indication or information (Drawing) | . . Colors, patterns, or aesthetic appearance. | . Others* |