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3K072 CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR DISCHARGE LAMPS POWERED BY HIGH-FREQUENCY OR DIRECT CURRENT (DC) FROM A CONVERTER
H05B41/24 -41/298
H05B41/24-41/298 AA AA00
TYPES OF DISCHARGE LAMPS 		AA01 AA02 AA03 AA04 AA05 AA06 AA07 AA08 AA09 AA10
. Low-pressure discharge lamps, fluorescent lamps, and discharge lamps in general . . Variants that have preheating electrodes (e.g., filaments) . . High-output lamps . . Ring-shaped variants (e.g., Circline bulbs) (drawing) . . Double-U types or bulb-types (drawing) . . . Variants with built-in ballasts (drawing) . . U-type variants (drawing) . . Others that have special shapes, which needs free word . . Sodium vapor lamps (e.g., low-pressure sodium vapor lamps) . Xenon-arc lamps
AA11 AA12 AA13 AA14 AA15 AA16 AA17 AA18 AA19 AA20
. High-pressure discharge lamps or high intensity discharge lamps . . High-pressure mercury lamps (i.e., mercury vapor lamps) . . Metal halide lamps . . High-pressure sodium lamps . . Super-high-pressure discharge lamps . Discharge lamps without electrodes . . Variants that are ignited by microwaves . . . Variants that are nearly round . Other lamps, which needs free word . Variants that have auxiliary electrodes
AB AB00
NUMBER OF DISCHARGE LAMPS (NOT ASSIGNED FOR SINGLE LAMPS OR LAMPS WHOSE NUMBERS ARE UNKNOWN) 		AB01 AB02 AB03 AB04 AB06 AB07 AB08 AB09
. Multiple discharge lamps . . Parallel connections . . Serial connections . . Serial-parallel connections . . Variants that are incorporated into inverters . . Variants with an output winding or output transformer for each lamp . . Different types of lamps or lamps with different outputs that are lighted simultaneously . Variants that are replaced especially by lamps with different outputs
AC AC00
WAVEFORMS OF VOLTAGE OR CURRENT IMPRESSED ON DISCHARGE LAMPS 		AC01 AC02 AC03 AC04
. Square waves or rectangular waves (drawing) . Sinusoidal waves (i.e., including pulsating current) (drawing) . . Variants that are distorted (drawing) . Other special waveforms, which needs free word
AC11 AC12 AC13 AC14 AC15 AC17 AC18 AC19 AC20
. Alternating current (AC) variants, or variants with zero points . . Waveforms that travel only in one direction (drawing) . . Variants that are biased toward one direction (drawing) . . Variants with one cycle at more than one oscillation (drawing) . . Variants that have fixed pause cycles (drawing) . Direct current (DC) variants . . Variants with rectified inverter output . . Variants that have inverting circuits . . Variants that use direct current (DC) choppers
BA BA00
INPUT POWER TO CONVERTERS (E.G., INVERTERS AND DIRECT CURRENT [DC] CHOPPERS) 		BA01 BA02 BA03 BA04 BA05
. Alternating current or commercial alternating current . . Dual use of alternating and direct current . Variants that rectify, or direct current . . Pulsating current . . Variants that input to inverters via direct current [DC] choppers
BB BB00
RECTIFYING AND SMOOTHING MEANS (I.E., CONVERTER INPUT OR DISCHARGE LAMP INPUT) 		BB01 BB02 BB03 BB04 BB05 BB06 BB08 BB09 BB10
. Variants that smooth . . Variants with a low degree of smoothness . . Variants that partially smooth (e.g., that filling the valleys) . . Variants that control capacitor charge and discharge timing . . Variants in which inverter output is fed back to assist in smoothing . . Variants in which output other than inverter output is fed back to assist in smoothing . Variants characterized by rectifying means . . Voltage doubling variants . Variants that use boosting direct current (DC) choppers
BC BC00
BALLAST ELEMENTS 		BC01 BC02 BC03 BC04 BC05 BC06 BC07
. Chokes . Leakage transformers . Capacitors . Resistors . Feedback . Constant-current chokes . Others, which needs free word
CA CA00
PURPOSE 		CA01 CA02 CA03 CA04 CA05 CA06 CA07 CA09 CA10
. Prevention of cataphoresis (i.e., dark end effect) . Moving stripes or striation . Flicker [not assigned for simply changing to high frequency] . Fluctuation, snaking, or spiraling . Acoustic resonance phenomena . . Limited frequencies . . Varied frequencies . Shortened arc-extinguishing periods . Reduction of arc-extinguishing period losses
CA11 CA12 CA13 CA14 CA16
. Improvement of power factors . Surge countermeasures . Excessive voltage or transient voltage that is fed back to the power source . Reshaping of waveforms or conversion into sinusoidal waves . Others, which needs free word
CB CB00
PURPOSES ASSOCIATED WITH STABLE CONVERTER OPERATION (IF RELEVANT, CLASSIFIED IN CA AS WELL) 		CB01 CB02 CB03 CB04 CB05 CB06 CB07 CB08 CB10
. Prevention of simultaneous conduction . Activation . Reduction of bias circuit or control circuit loss . Reduction of switching element losses . . Losses when power is turned on or off . Temperature compensation . Stabilization of fluctuation with no load or when load varies . Variants that accommodate variations in input voltage (i.e., including momentary outages) . Others, which needs free word
DA DA00
STARTING DISCHARGE LAMPS 		DA01 DA02 DA03 DA04 DA06 DA07 DA08 DA09 DA10
. Soft start (classified in HA and HB as well) . . Variants with voltage gradually impressed on the lamp . . Variants that are microlighted . Countermeasures especially for low temperatures . Variants especially for starting multiple lamps . Supplementation of light beams by other lamps . Variants that have start-assisting means, which needs free word . . Variants that have proximity conductors . . Variants that have start-assisting lamps
DB DB00
PREHEATING MEANS 		DB01 DB02 DB03 DB04 DB05 DB08 DB09
. Preheating by preheating windings . . Variants that use output transformer windings . Serial preheating [DC02 need not be assigned] . Variants that use power sources other than lighting power sources (e.g., inverters) . . Variants that use different inverters . Increased preheating current (classified in HA and HB as well) . . Variants that use resonance
DC DC00
PREHEATING TIME AND PREHEATING CONTROL MEANS 		DC01 DC02 DC03 DC04 DC05 DC06 DC07 DC08
. Variants that normally preheat . Variants that preheat when starting . . Cancellation of preheating voltage . . Variants that use switch elements (e.g., relays) . . Variants that use variation in resistance values (e.g., thermistors) . . Use of inverter frequency variations . . . Variants that use resonance circuits . . . Forcibly varied oscillation frequencies
DD DD00
START VOLTAGE IMPRESSION MEANS 		DD01 DD02 DD03 DD04 DD05 DD06 DD07 DD08 DD09 DD10
. Impression of simple voltage . Superimposing of high-voltage direct current . Variation of converter output (classified in HA and HB as well) . Variants that use resonance . . Variants that use parallel resonance . Impression of pulse voltage . . Variants that use different pulse sources . . Use of elements, e.g., chokes, in series with lamps . Use of the transient voltage of the inverter per se . Others, which needs free word
DE DE00
DETECTION AND CONTROL OF LAMP LIGHTING FOR STARTING 		DE01 DE02 DE03 DE04 DE05 DE06 DE07
. Variants that use light . Variants that use current (e.g., lighting current) . Variants that use phase . Variants that use lamp lighting . Variants that use other voltage (e.g., inverters) . Variants that use timers or timing elements . Others, which needs free word
EA EA00
CONDITIONS TO BE DETECTED (CLASSIFIED IN HA AND HB AS WELL) 		EA01 EA02 EA03 EA04 EA05 EA06 EA07 EA08 EA09 EA10
. Failure to emit light (i.e., direct current [DC] lighting at the end of useful life) . Lack of any load or excessive voltage (e.g., no lighting, when removed, or arc failure) . Overheating . Input power source abnormalities (e.g., surges) . . Momentary outages . Excessive current . Others, which needs free word . Indicators, e.g., by flash . Automatic return . . Continuous voltage output
EB EB00
MEANS FOR DETECTING OR CONTROLLING ABNORMALITIES (CLASSIFIED IN HA AND HB AS WELL) 		EB01 EB02 EB03 EB04 EB05 EB06 EB07 EB08 EB09 EB10
. Use of timers or timing elements . Use of connectors, sockets, or switches . Variants that use filament current . Use of heat-sensitive elements (e.g., thermistors) . Variants that use inverter output or lamp voltage . Variants that use current detection . . Variants that use lamp current . Variants that use phase . Variants that use specific inverter operations . Others, which needs free word
FA FA00
NOISE 		FA01 FA02 FA03 FA04 FA05 FA06 FA07 FA08 FA09 FA10
. Power source side . . Input current . . . Combinations of multiple lamp currents . Noise paths that are eliminated by using circuits . Use of noise filters . Waveforms impressed on lamps . Remote control or radios (e.g., filters) . Element arrangements (e.g., preventing wrap-around) . Variants that use shielding cases, shielding plates, and the like . Ambient noise (i.e., not for simply changing to high frequency)
GA GA00
CONVERTER OUTPUT ELEMENTS 		GA01 GA02 GA03 GA04 GA05 GA06 GA07 GA08 GA09 GA10
. Transistors (i.e., continuous impression of control signals is required) . . Field-effect transistors (FET) . . . Metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFET) . . Static induction transistors (SIT) . Silicon-controlled rectifiers (SCR) or thyristors (i.e., continuous impression of control signals is not required) . . GTO . Magnetrons . . Use of waveguide tubes . . Variants that match . Others, which needs free word
GB GB00
NUMBERS AND TYPES OF INVERTER ELEMENTS, AND TYPES OF RESONANCE CAVITIES 		GB01 GB02 GB03 GB04 GB05 GB07 GB08 GB09 GB10
. Inverters in general (i.e., variants that are not limited) . Variants with one switching element, which needs free word . . Choppers . . Monolithic inverters . . . Blocking oscillators . Microwave impression using resonance cavities . . Cylindrical resonance cavities . . Round resonance cavities . . Prevention of electromagnetic wave leakage
GB11 GB12 GB13 GB14 GB15 GB16 GB17 GB18 GB19 GB20
. Variants with two switching elements, which needs free word . . Single-bridge types or serial types . . Deformed bridge types . . Push-pull or rectangular wave inverters . . Constant-current types . . Two monolithic inverters that work together . Variants with three or more switching elements, which needs free word . . Full-bridge inverters . . Three monolithic inverters that work together . Other special variants, which needs free word
GC GC00
TYPES OF CONVERTERS 		GC01 GC02 GC03 GC04 GC05 GC06 GC07 GC09 GC10
. Self-controlled types (i.e., self-excitation types) . . Variants that have feedback windings . . . Feedback windings for the output transformer . Separately controlled types . Load current that is oscillated by capacitors . . Capacitors in series with loads . . Capacitors provided for output transformers . Control circuit or base bias power obtained from output . Control circuit power obtained from part of the converter main current
HA HA00
CONTROL OF VOLTAGE IMPRESSED ONTO LAMPS 		HA01 HA02 HA03 HA04 HA05 HA06 HA07 HA08 HA09 HA10
. Control of voltage by switching or combining windings . Switch elements or the like (e.g., relays or semiconductor switch elements) . Variable impedance elements and the like (e.g., thermistors) . Use of variations in frequency . . Use of resonance circuits . . Forcibly varied inverter oscillation frequency . Impressed-voltage-controlling elements connected in series to lamps . Impressed-voltage-controlling elements connected in parallel to lamps . Others, which needs free word . Phase control or duty ratio control
HB HB00
CONTROL OF CONVERTER OUTPUT (CLASSIFIED IN HA10 AS WELL) 		HB01 HB02 HB03 HB04 HB05 HB06 HB07 HB08 HB09 HB10
. Converter control, which needs free word . . Control of base or gate bias . . Control of base or gate bias control signals . . Single push-pull operations . Control of converter input, which needs free word . . Control by adding impedance elements or switch elements . . Control by rectifying means (e.g., switching between voltage doublers) . . Control of smoothing (e.g., degree of smoothness) . . . Control of charging and discharging of smoothing capacitors . . Changes in the amount of output power feedback
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