F-Term-List

2H200 Electrostatic charge, transfer and separation in electrography
G03G13/02 ;13/14-13/16;15/02-15/02,103;15/14-15/16,103
G03G13/02;13/14-13/16;15/02-15/02,103;15/14-15/16,103 FA FA00
PURPOSE
FA01 FA02 FA03 FA04 FA05 FA06 FA07 FA08 FA09 FA10
. Measures for environmental changes . Measures against aging variation . Measures against charged memory . Measures against transfer deviations . Prevention of retransfer . Poor separation prevention . Measures against hazardous materials (ozone or the like) (excluding removing) . Measures for preventing dirt from depositing (excluding cleaning) . Prevention of damages and wear . Measures against noise, vibration
FA11 FA12 FA13 FA14 FA15 FA16 FA17 FA18 FA19 FA20
. Safety measures . Maintenance, facilitating setting . Facilitating manufacturing . Facilitating recycling, reuses . Energy-saving measures . Optimization (e.g. power, temperature) . . Optimization of arrangements . . Optimization of electrical values (voltage, resistance, or the like) . . Optimization of sizes (length, thickness, or the like) . . Optimization of speed, acceleration
GA GA00
CONSTITUTION OF WHOLE APPARATUS TO BE THE ASSUMPTIONS
GA01 GA02 GA03 GA04 GA05 GA06 GA07 GA09 GA10
. Disclosed art relating to transfer materials (excluding intermediate transferring bodies) . . Referring to length of transfer materials . . Referring to width of transfer materials . . Referring to thickness of transfer materials . . Referring to moving speed of transfer materials . . Transfer materials being films . . Specific material names of transfer materials being disclosed (*) . . Characteristics of transfer materials being disclosed MB, MC . . Detection, control of transfer materials being disclosed PA, PB
GA11 GA12 GA13 GA14 GA15 GA16 GA17 GA18 GA20
. Disclosure relating to photoreceptors (including electrostatic recording bodies) . . Apparatus including two or more photoreceptors . . Disclosed charging polarity of photoreceptors (positive polarity) . . . Negative polarity . . Disclosed materials of photoreceptors . . . Organic materials . . . Inorganic materials . . . . A-si . . Electrostatic image carriers having no photosensitivity
GA22 GA23 GA24 GA25 GA28 GA29 GA30
. . Disclosed shape of photoreceptors (*) . . . Drum-like . . . Belt-like . . . Developing on belt surfaces wound around photoreceptors . . Voltage and current circuits of photoreceptors being disclosed NA . . Control of photoreceptors being disclosed PA . . Detection of photoreceptors being disclosed PB
GA31 GA32 GA33 GA34 GA35 GA36 GA40
. Disclosed art relating to image exposure . . Exposure by reflected light, transmission light from manuscripts . . Exposure by direct incidence light from light-emitting means . . . Exposure by laser light . . Disclosed wavelength, exposure intensity . . Disclosed resolution of exposure . . Detection of exposure being disclosed PB
GA41 GA42 GA43 GA44 GA45 GA46 GA47 GA49 GA50
. Disclosed art relating to development . . Disclosed developers . . . Using liquid type developers . . . Using dry type developers . . . . Using carrier particle (two-component) . . . . Using no carrier particles (one-component) . . . Using color toners . . Disclosed development apparatus . . . Plural development apparatuses opposing to one photoreceptor
GA51 GA52 GA53 GA54 GA56 GA57 GA58 GA59 GA60
. . . Performing multiple development on photoreceptors . . . Developer layers contacting with photoreceptors to develop . . . . Magnetic brush rubbing photoreceptors . . . Toner particles flying and developing . . Disclosed application of developing bias . . . Disclosed application of alternate bias . . Disclosed normal development . . Disclosed reversal development . . Detection of developers, development apparatuses being disclosed: PB
GA61 GA62 GA63 GA64 GA65 GA66 GA69 GA70
. Removing charge on photoreceptor surfaces before transfer and after development . . Polarity of removing charge having same polarity with toner polarity . . Polarity of removing charge having reverse polarity with toner polarity . . . Reversing the polarity of toner charge . . Using ac for removing charge . . Irradiating light to photoreceptors . . Control of removing charge before transfer being disclosed PA . . Detection of removing charge before transfer being disclosed PB
GB GB00
CONSTITUTION OF WHOLE APPARATUS TO BE THE ASSUMPTIONS (CONTINUED)
GB01 GB02 GB03 GB04 GB10
. Disclosed art relating to removal of electricity of photoreceptors . . Removal of electricity by light . . Removal of electricity by charging devices . . Disclosed wavelength and intensity of removal of electricity . . Detection of removal of electricity being disclosed PB
GB11 GB12 GB13 GB14 GB15 GB20
. Disclosed art relating to cleaning of photoreceptors . . Using blades . . Using brushes (including brush rollers) . . . Magnetic brushes (including combined use with development) . . Using rollers (excluding brush rollers) . . Detection relating to cleaning being disclosed, PB is given
GB21 GB22 GB23 GB24 GB25 GB26 GB27 GB30
. Disclosed art relating to fixing . . Fixing mainly by heat (including half to half) . . Fixing mainly by pressure (including half to half) . . Using light . . Using fixing rollers . . Using fixing films . . Disclosed use of releasing agents . . Control, detection of fixing being disclosed PA, PB
GB31 GB32 GB33 GB35 GB36 GB37 GB38 GB39 GB40
. Disclosed other processes (*) . . Performing removing charge for residue toners after transferring . . Being objects of detection, PB is given . Performing multiple processes with one apparatus or simultaneously . . Performing multiple processes simultaneously . . . Development and cleaning . . . Primary charging and image exposure . . . Image exposure and development . . . Transfer and fixing
GB41 GB42 GB43 GB44 GB45 GB46 GB47 GB48 GB49 GB50
. Disclosed cases, layouts . . Clamshell type cases . . Transferring parts being arranged upward to photoreceptors . . Discharging trays being on upper parts of apparatus . Special Application (*) . . For preparing versions . . For display . . Having functions also other than forming images (*) . . Connection with apparatus other than electrographic apparatus (*) . Disclosed art relating to measuring, detecting instruments
HA HA00
CHARGING (INCLUDING REMOVAL OF ELECTRICITY) PROCESSES AND PRIMARY CHARGING
HA01 HA02 HA03 HA04 HA06 HA07 HA08
. Contact type charging . . Applying voltage to charging members . . . Injecting electric charge in contact parts . . . Charging by discharge . . Applying no voltage (excluding friction charging) to charging members . . . Releasing electric charge (e.g. brushes for removal of electricity) . . Charged by friction charging
HA11 HA12 HA13 HA14 HA16 HA18 HA19 HA20
. Contactless type charging . . Corona discharge . . Charging by electric fields (non-corona discharge) . . Other contactless type charging . Charging using other phenomena . Voltage being applied to charged member sides . Forming float states on charged member sides . Charged member sides being earthed
HA21 HA22 HA28 HA29 HA30
. Using charging auxiliary agents . Referring to charging (discharging) initiation voltage . Disclosed art relating to primary charging . . Control of primary charging being disclosed PA . . Detection of primary charging being disclosed PB
HB HB00
CONSTITUTING ELEMENTS OF CHARGING DEVICES (INCLUDING DEVICES FOR REMOVAL OF ELECTRICITY)
HB01 HB02 HB03 HB04 HB06 HB07 HB08
. Shape of constituting elements of charging devices . . Charging by independent linear segment portions . . . Wires . . . Having several parallel discharge segments . . Charging by independent tip portions (e.g. needles, saws) . . . Brushes (excluding magnetic brushes) . . . . Forming brushes in cylindrical shapes
HB11 HB12 HB13 HB14 HB16 HB17 HB18 HB20
. . Charging by plane portions . . . Of cylinder, cylindrical pillar shape . . . Of belt shape . . . Of plate shape . . Charging portions being stuck on bases . . Using particles for charging . . Using liquid having no specific shapes, or the like . . Other formal structures
HB21 HB22 HB23 HB26 HB28 HB29 HB30
. . Charging portions being moved . . . Charging members being circulated and rotated . . . . Driving charging members . Having shield members . Having grid members . . Wire-like grids . . Board-like grids
HB31 HB32 HB33 HB35 HB36 HB37 HB39 HB40
. Having supporting members of charging members . . Having fixing members of wires . Having means for supplying tension . Having paper-entering prevention members . . Used linear members such as wires . . Used projections such as guide ribs . Members for restricting charged domains in moving directions of photoreceptors . Members for restricting charged domains in axial directions of photoreceptors
HB41 HB43 HB45 HB46 HB47 HB48
. Charging in multiple stages or multiply with plural charging devices . Layer structure of charging devices being disclosed . Material of charging devices being disclosed MA . Electrical characteristics of charging devices being disclosed MB . Physical characteristics of charging devices being disclosed MC . Voltage and current circuits of charging devices being disclosed NA
JA JA00
TRANSFER OF TONER IMAGES
JA01 JA02 JA03 JA04 JA05 JA07 JA08 JA09 JA10
. Transfer of toner images by static electricity (HA, HB) . . Electrodes for transfer being faced to transferring parts . . Having electrodes for transfer before and after transferring parts . . Having electrodes for transfer on transfer surface side of transfer materials . . Applying voltage to toner image carrier members . Transferring toner images by using heat . Transferring toner images by using pressure . Transferring toner images by using adhesive forces . Transferring toner images by using solvents
JA11 JA12 JA16 JA18 JA19 JA20
. Transferring toner images by other processes . Transferring by plural processes . Transferring repeatedly to transfer materials passed fixing parts . Transferring toner images on both sides of transfer materials . Transferring toner images to reciprocally moving transfer materials . Moving directions being different for photoreceptors or the like and transfer materials
JA21 JA23 JA25 JA26 JA27 JA28 JA29 JA30
. Having means for assisting transfer . Layer structure of transfer apparatus being disclosed . Materials of transfer apparatus being disclosed MA . Electrical characteristics of transfer apparatus being disclosed MB . Physical characteristics of transfer apparatus being disclosed MC . Voltage and current circuits of transfer apparatus being disclosed NA . Control of transfer apparatus being disclosed PA . Detection of transfer apparatus being disclosed PB
JB JB00
TRANSFER MATERIAL CONVEYING MEMBERS AND TRANSFER MATERIAL GUIDE MEMBERS
JB01 JB02 JB03 JB04 JB05 JB06 JB07 JB08 JB10
. Shape of transfer material conveying members (with driving forces) . . Drum shape (e.g. cylindrical base substances) . . . Winding films on frames . . . . Using cylindrical films . . . . Fixing methods of films to base substances or the like . . Belt shape . . . Belts without seam (seamless) . . . Belts with seam . . Roller shape (including transfer rollers)
JB11 JB12 JB13 JB15 JB16 JB17 JB18 JB20
. Shape of transfer material guide members (no driving forces) . . Board-like . . Roller shape . Arrangements of transfer material conveying members, guide members for transferring parts . . Transfer material conveying members, guide members locating in transferring parts . . Dedicated conveying members, guide members locating before transferring parts . . Dedicated conveying members, guide members locating after transferring parts . Referring to registrations rollers
JB21 JB22 JB23 JB24 JB25 JB26 JB27 JB28 JB29
. Fixing process for transfer materials to transfer conveying members . . Holding and conveying transfer materials . . . Interconnecting holding parts between two belts . . . Structure of mechanical holding (grippers) being disclosed . . Using electrostatic adsorption . . . Using charging devices (HA, HB) . . . Having multiple electrodes for adsorption inside . . Using air pressure (suction) . . Using other means
JB31 JB32 JB33 JB37 JB39 JB40
. Members for pressing transfer material conveying members . . Pressing members in transferring parts . . Pressing members in transfer material holding, adsorbing parts . Specifying transfer material supply positions to transferring parts . Constitution of transfer material conveying members, guide members in circumferential directions . Constitution in width direction of transfer material conveying members, guide members
JB41 JB42 JB43 JB45 JB46 JB47 JB48 JB49 JB50
. Removing electricity of transfer material conveying members or guide members . Cleaning transfer material conveying members or guide members . Layer structure of transfer material conveying members or guide members being disclosed . Materials of transfer material conveying members or guide members being disclosed MA . Electrical characteristics of transfer material conveying members or guide members being disclosed MB . Physical characteristics of transfer material conveying members or guide members being disclosed MC . Voltage and current circuits of transfer material conveying members or guide members being disclosed NA . Control of transfer material conveying members or guide members being disclosed PA . Detection of transfer material conveying members or guide members being disclosed PB
JC JC00
INTERMEDIATE TRANSFERRING BODIES
JC01 JC02 JC03 JC04 JC05 JC07 JC09 JC10
. Shape of intermediate transferring bodies (e.g. sheets) . . Cylinders, cylindrical columns (e.g. rolls, drums) . . Belt shape . . . Belts without seam (seamless) . . . Belts with seam . Members pressing intermediate transferring bodies from inside . Referring to constitution of intermediate transferring bodies in circumferential direction . Referring to constitution of intermediate transferring bodies in width direction
JC11 JC12 JC13 JC15 JC16 JC17 JC18 JC19 JC20
. Removing electricity of intermediate transferring bodies . Cleaning intermediate transferring bodies . Layer structures of intermediate transferring bodies being disclosed . Materials of intermediate transferring bodies being disclosed MA . Electrical characteristics of intermediate transferring bodies being disclosed MB . Physical characteristic of intermediate transferring bodies being disclosed MC . Voltage and current circuits of intermediate transferring bodies being disclosed NA . Control of intermediate transferring bodies being disclosed PA . Detection of intermediate transferring bodies being disclosed PB
KA KA00
SEPARATION OF TRANSFER MATERIALS
KA01 KA02 KA03 KA06 KA07 KA08 KA09
. Objects for separating transfer materials (e.g. intermediate transferring bodies) . . Separation from photoreceptors . . Separation from transfer material conveying members . Using forces of electrostatic fields . . Using charging devices (HA, HB) . . Using electrostatic adsorption power . . Using photoirradiation
KA11 KA12 KA13 KA14 KA15 KA16 KA17 KA20
. Using mechanical power . . Using mainly weight, rigidity of transfer materials . . Using projected members . . Having separation pawls . . Having separation guides . . Suction by air flow . . Spray of air flow . Using other principles or means
KA21 KA23 KA25 KA26 KA27 KA28 KA29 KA30
. Having discharge prevention means by peeling . Layer structures of separation devices being disclosed . Materials of separation devices being disclosed MA . Electrical characteristics of separation devices being disclosed MB . Physical characteristic of separation devices being disclosed MC . Voltage and current circuits of separation devices being disclosed NA . Control of separation devices being disclosed PA . Detection of separation devices being disclosed PB
LA LA00
MECHANICAL STRUCTURES AROUND PRIMARY CHARGING, TRANSFER, SEPARATION
LA01 LA02 LA03 LA04 LA06 LA07 LA08
. Attaching and detaching to apparatus main bodies being disclosed . . Attaching and detaching photoreceptors in axial directions . . Attaching and detaching photoreceptors in surface contacting and separating directions . . Mounting by fixing to apparatus main bodies . Gap adjustment between members, positioning . . Defining charged bodies as reference surfaces . . Defining apparatus main body parts as reference surfaces
LA11 LA12 LA13 LA14 LA15 LA17 LA18 LA19 LA20
. Member arrangements in apparatus main bodies . . Specifying arrangement positions around photoreceptors . . Specifying arrangement positions of photoreceptors in width directions . . Specifying distances between members . . . Distances between members on transfer sheet conveying passages . Disclosed press mechanisms (excluding contact and separation actions) . Pressing forces being disclosed . Moving speed of members being disclosed . The number of revolutions (rpm) being disclosed
LA21 LA22 LA23 LA24 LA25 LA27 LA28 LA29 LA30
. Mechanical structures for moving members . . Reciprocating movement . . Rotational movement . . Contact and separation action . . With meandering prevention means . Referring to drive sources . Moving members manually . Referring to means for transmitting driving force . . Using friction force for driving force transmission
LA31 LA33 LA34 LA35 LA36 LA38 LA40
. With means for heating and cooling . Electrical connection means being disclosed . . Connectors being disclosed . . Referring to wiring and wiring connections . . Referring to earth . Being formed in units . Specific sizes being disclosed
LB LB00
CLEANING AROUND PRIMARY CHARGING, TRANSFER, SEPARATION, AND REMOVAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
LB01 LB02 LB03 LB05 LB08 LB09
. Cleaning of means for charge, transfer and separation being disclosed . . Cleaning with mechanical means . . Cleaning with electrostatic means . . Cleaning manually . . Cleaning members moving and cleaning . . Cleaning members being fixed and cleaning
LB11 LB12 LB13 LB14 LB15 LB17 LB18 LB19 LB20
. . Shape of cleaning members being disclosed . . . Brush (including brush rollers) shape . . . Rectangular shape (plates, blocks) . . . Sheet shape . . . Roller shape . . Recovery means of removed thing by cleaning being disclosed . . Cleaning by retransferring to photoreceptors or intermediate transferring bodies . . Using heat . . Having polish means
LB21 LB22 LB24 LB25 LB26 LB27 LB28 LB29
. Removal of noxious gases around means for charge, transfer, separation . . Removal of other than ozone . . Using catalysts . . Using heat . . Using air flow . . . Removal by suction . . . By air blast . . Having filters
LB33 LB35 LB36 LB37 LB38 LB39 LB40
. Layer structure of cleaning and removal means being disclosed . Materials of cleaning and removal means being disclosed MA . Electrical characteristics of cleaning and removal means being disclose MB . Physical characteristics of cleaning and removal means being disclosed MC . Voltage and current circuits of cleaning and removal means being disclosed NA . Control of cleaning and removal means being disclosed PA . Detection of cleaning and removal means being disclosed PB
LC LC00
MANUFACTURING METHODS RELATING TO PRIMARY CHARGING, TRANSFER, SEPARATION
LC01 LC02 LC03 LC04 LC05 LC06 LC07 LC08 LC09 LC10
. Performing cutting . Performing polishing . Performing plastic processing . Performing coating . Performing etching . Performing electric discharge processing (sputtering or the like) . Performing welding . Performing adhesion . Performing heat treatment . Manufacturing methods relating to assembly being disclosed
MA MA00
MATERIALS OF MEMBERS (INDEPENDENT IMPARTING NOT ACCEPTABLE)
MA01 MA02 MA03 MA04 MA05 MA06 MA08
. Basic materials being of metals . Basic materials being of resins . . Basic materials of resins being of rubber . . Basic materials of resins being of plastics . Basic materials being of non-metals other than resins . . Non-metals other than resins being carbons . Having materials of foamed (porous) structure
MA11 MA12 MA13 MA14 MA17 MA20
. Additive materials being of resins . Additive materials being of metals . Additive materials being non-metals other than resins . . Additive materials being carbons . Being disclosed for mixture, addition rates . Specific material names being disclosed
MB MB00
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MEMBERS (INDEPENDENT IMPARTMENT NOT ACCEPTABLE)
MB01 MB02 MB03 MB04 MB05 MB06 MB07 MB08 MB09 MB10
. Having electrically conductive characteristics . Having semiconductive characteristics . Having insulating characteristics . Degree of volume resistivity being disclosed . Degree of surface electrical resistance being disclosed . Degree of electrical resistance being disclosed . Degree of electrical capacitance being disclosed . Disclosed temperature change for electrical characteristics . Disclosed humidity change for electrical characteristics . Disclosed other electrical characteristics
MC MC00
PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF MEMBERS (INDEPENDENT IMPARTING NOT ACCEPTABLE)
MC01 MC02 MC03 MC04 MC05 MC06 MC08 MC09 MC10
. Referring to elasticity . Referring to hardness . Referring to strength (e.g. tensile strength) . . Referring to flexural strength (e.g. bending strength) . Referring to friction, friction coefficients . Referring to surface roughness . Referring to releasing properties . Referring to adhesiveness . Referring to viscosity
MC11 MC13 MC14 MC15 MC16 MC18 MC20
. Referring to density, weight . Referring to magnetic characteristics . Referring to charging series . Referring to particle sizes . Referring to particle shapes . Referring to changes by temperature, humidity . Referring to other physical characteristics
NA NA00
VOLTAGE AND CURRENT APPLIED TO ELECTRIC CIRCUITS AND MEMBERS (IBID.)
NA01 NA02 NA03 NA04 NA05 NA06 NA08 NA09 NA10
. Applied voltage, current . . Applying DC . . Applying AC . . . Disclosed sine waves . . . Disclosed rectangular waves . . Disclosed superimposing (DC + AC) . . Current values being disclosed . . Voltage values being disclosed . . Frequency being disclosed
NA11 NA13 NA14 NA15 NA16 NA17 NA18 NA19
. . Duty ratios, pulse width being disclosed . Power supply circuits being disclosed . . Having transformers . Having constant voltage circuits . Having constant current circuits . Having feedback circuits . Having comparative circuits . Having self bias circuits
NA21 NA22 NA23 NA24 NA25 NA26
. Referring to use electricity elements . . Referring to constant voltage elements . . Referring to electrical resistance . . Referring to transistors . . Referring to condensers . . Referring to electric elements of environmental dependency
PA PA00
CONTROL (INDEPENDENT IMPARTMENT NOT ACCEPTABLE)
PA01 PA02 PA03 PA04 PA05 PA06 PA08 PA09 PA10
. Controlled contents . . Control of voltage, electric current . . . Control of output voltage for power supply . . . Control of output current for power supply . . . Control of electrical potential (voltage) for members . . . Control of electric current flowing to members . . Control of frequency . . Control of duty ratios, pulse width, waveforms . . Control of operation time, timing
PA11 PA12 PA13 PA14 PA15 PA17 PA18 PA19 PA20
. . Control of speeds, acceleration . . Control of positions, angles . . . Control of amount of gap . . Control of pressing forces, nip width . . Control of temperature, humidity . Processes of control . . Disclosed time for determining control output . . . Obtaining forming conditions at the time of non-formation of images . . . Changing the image forming conditions during forming images
PA21 PA22 PA23 PA24 PA25 PA26 PA27 PA28 PA29 PA30
. . . Obtaining next image forming conditions during forming images . . Disclosed determining methods for control output (output values) . . . Selecting from plural output (values) . . . Obtaining by substituting input values into equations . . Control by manual operation being disclosed . . Disclosed control content according to copy modes . . Display or warning being disclosed . . Disclosed control malfunction treatment and after restoration . . Constant voltage control . . Constant current control
PB PB00
DETECTION, COUNTING (INDEPENDENT IMPARTING OF PB00 TO PB26 NOT ACCEPTABLE )
PB01 PB02 PB03 PB04 PB05 PB06 PB07 PB08
. Detected contents . . Voltage values . . Electrical potential . . . Surface potential . . Electric current values . . Charge amount . . Temperature of members . . Electric resistance of members
PB11 PB12 PB13 PB14 PB15 PB16 PB17 PB18 PB19 PB20
. . Presence or absence of members on specific positions . . . Arriving or passing to specific positions of transfer materials . . . Arriving or passing to specific positions of toner images . . Speed, acceleration . . Positions, angles . . Positions, arrangements of images . . Toner image density . . . Toner image density before transferring . . . Residue toner density after transferring . . . Toner image density on transfer materials after transferring
PB21 PB22 PB23 PB24 PB25 PB26 PB27 PB28 PB29
. . Poor separation . . Dirt of members . . Electrostatic capacity . . Wear amount, degradation amount . . Length, width, and thickness of members . . Detection of abnormality . . Environmental temperature . . Environmental humidity . . Manuscript states (e.g. including electronic data, number of pixels)
PB31 PB32 PB33 PB34 PB35 PB36 PB37 PB38 PB39 PB40
. Counting contents . . Image forming sheet number (e.g. continuation copy number) . . . Accumulated sheet number . . Action number (e.g. accumulation number) . . Time periods, time . Detection and counting means being disclosed . . Detecting mechanically . . Detecting electrically . . Detecting optically . . Detection and counting by processing with processing apparatus
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