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2H189 LIQUID CRYSTALS 2 (STRUCTURES IN GENERAL, SPACERS, INLETS OR SEALING MATERIALS)
G02F1/133 -1/133,500;1/133,540;1/1333;1/1334;1/1339-1/1341;1/1347
G02F1/133-1/133,500; 1/133,540; 1/1333; 1/1334;1/1339-1/1341; 1/1347 AA AA00
STRUCTURE IN GENERAL 		AA01 AA02 AA03 AA04 AA05 AA07 AA08 AA09 AA10
. of liquid crystal layers . . Polymer liquid crystals . . Dispersed liquid crystals . . . Polymer-dispersed liquid crystals . . . Microcapsule liquid crystals . . having different thickness depending on the sections . . Sandwiched members excluding liquid crystals . . . with additional chemical substances . . . Partition members
AA11 AA13 AA14 AA15 AA16 AA17 AA18
. . . Fixed displays e.g. transparent print panels . on substrates . . inside the cells . . . Impedance elements . . outside the cells . . . Conductive films . . . Heaters
AA21 AA22 AA23 AA24 AA25 AA26 AA27 AA28 AA29 AA30
. of layered cells . . varying in the modes of liquid crystals . . Layered GH cells . . regulating retardation or products of delta n multiplied by d . . . Optical compensation . . inverting negatives and positives . . Positional relationships of picture elements or displays . . combining layered cells with colour polarisers or colour filters . . Alignment relationships . . Relationships of twist angles
AA31 AA32 AA33 AA34 AA35 AA37
. . Multi-displays . . having three or more layers . . Layered cholesteric liquid crystal cells . . for indicating multiple tones . . adjusting the amount of light; Shutters . arranging a plurality of the cells on the same planes
AA41 AA42 AA43 AA44 AA45
. based on special address schemes . . Plasma address schemes . . Electron beam address schemes . . Optical address schemes . . Heat address schemes excluding laser beam schemes
AA51 AA52 AA53 AA54 AA55 AA56 AA57 AA58 AA59 AA60
. External frames or supporting structures . . Frames . . . Front frame members . . . Middle frame members . . . Back frame members . . . Movable members e.g. hinges . . . Shapes thereof . . . Materials thereof . . . . Conductive materials . . . . Insulating materials
AA61 AA62 AA63 AA64 AA65 AA66 AA67 AA68 AA69 AA70
. . Means or members for supporting or fixing the panels . . . fixing the panels with screws . . . fixing the panels by locking or engaging . . . fixing the panels by bonding . . . by pressing . . . formed integrally . . . Elastic members . . . Positioning members . . for supporting . . . of liquid crystal panels
AA71 AA72 AA73 AA74 AA75 AA76 AA77 AA78 AA79
. . . of optical sheets . . . of light source sections . . . . of light sources e.g. lamp holders . . . . of lamp reflectors . . . . of light guides . . . . of drive circuits or lead wires of light sources . . . of drive circuits . . . . of flexible substrates . . . . of drive circuit substrates
AA81 AA82 AA83 AA84 AA85 AA86 AA87 AA88 AA89 AA90
. . Heat dissipation structures . . . Means therefor . . . . with thermally conductive members . . . . with gases . . . . with liquids . . . Members therefor . . . . with fans . . . . with fins . . electrical . . . shielding
AA91 AA92 AA94 AA95 AA96 AA97
. . . grounding . . . Measures against static electricity . . for light shielding . . Dustproof structures . . for changing parts . . for sharing members
G02F1/133-1/133,500; 1/133,540; 1/1333; 1/1334; 1/1339-1/1341; 1/1347 BA BA00
MATERIAL OF STRUCTURE IN GENERAL 		BA01 BA02 BA03 BA04 BA05 BA06 BA07 BA08 BA09 BA10
. of polymer liquid crystal layers . of liquid crystal layers * excluding liquid crystals per se . . Supporting matrices of dispersed liquid crystals * . . . being polymers * . . Additives * excluding common dyes . . . Light-heat absorbing materials . of members on substrates . . Conductive films * . . Heaters * . of external frames or supporting structures *
BA11
. Other materials of structures in general *
CA CA00
PROCESS RELATING TO STRUCTURE IN GENERAL 		CA01 CA02 CA03 CA04 CA05 CA06 CA07 CA08 CA09 CA10
. for manufacturing liquid crystal cells . . of polymer liquid crystal cells . . of dispersed liquid crystals . . . of polymer-dispersed liquid crystals . . . . impregnating liquid crystals . . . . emulsifying or suspending . . . . by phase separation . . . . . by photopolymerisation . . . of microcapsule liquid crystals . . of multiple cells; Forming a plurality of cells
CA11 CA12 CA13 CA15 CA16 CA17 CA18 CA19 CA20
. . having special structures . . . with perforated displays . . . Curved cells . . for cutting substrates . . . of order involving other processes . . . . before laminating substrates . . . . after laminating substrates . . . Structures thereof . . . . with single cells
CA21 CA22 CA23 CA24 CA25 CA26 CA27 CA28 CA29
. . . . for cutting substrates with multiple cells . . . aligning substrates . . . . Alignment marks . . . Cutting means . . . . for forming half-cuts or grooves . . . . with cutting blades . . . . by pressing . . . . with lasers . . . chamfering substrates
CA31 CA32 CA33 CA35 CA36
. for manufacturing display units . . connecting panels . . connecting displays with external circuits . Drive processes . . for driving layered cells
DA DA00
STRUCTURE OF SPACER, INLET, OR SEALING MATERIAL 		DA01 DA02 DA03 DA04 DA05 DA06 DA07 DA08 DA09 DA10
. of spacers . . Kinds thereof . . . being dispersed . . . . spherical e.g. beads . . . . fibrous e.g. fibres . . . patterned . . . . dot-shaped e.g. column-shaped . . . . linear e.g. band-shaped . . . . planer e.g. lattices . . Cross sections thereof
DA11 DA12 DA13 DA14 DA15 DA16 DA17 DA18 DA19 DA20
. . . coated . . . layered . . . with functional coatings or layers . . . . aligned . . . . adhesive . . . . conductive . . Shapes thereof . . . with specific planes . . . with specific cross-sections . . . associated with alignment directions
DA21 DA22 DA23 DA24 DA25 DA26 DA27 DA28 DA29 DA30
. . combined with other functional members . . . Colour filters . . . Light-shielding films . . . Sealing materials . . . Alignment films insulating films or projections for controlling alignment . . . Electrodes or drivers . . . Substrates . . Arrangement or positional relationships . . . with sealing materials . . . . inside sealing materials
DA31 DA32 DA33 DA34 DA35 DA36 DA37 DA38 DA39
. . . . . Display areas . . . . . Light shielding areas . . . . . Frame areas . . . . in sealing materials . . . . outside sealing materials . . . in alignment films . . . with inlets . . . at projections . . . at recesses
DA41 DA42 DA43 DA44 DA45 DA47 DA48 DA49
. . having different spacers . . . of different kinds . . . of different sizes or heights . . . of different elasticity or hardness . . . of different density or interval values . . having specified numerical values . . . of sizes or heights . . . of density or interval values
DA51 DA52 DA53 DA54 DA55 DA56 DA57 DA58 DA59 DA60
. of inlets . . Positions thereof . . . with other members . . Sealing thereof . . . Tube sealing; Coupling with plug members; Screwing . . . Double sealing . . Shapes thereof . . . Weirs . . . for preventing liquid crystals from flowing out . . . Long drawing inlets or double inlets
DA61 DA62 DA63 DA64 DA65 DA66 DA67 DA68 DA69 DA70
. . . A plurality of inlets per cell . . . Outlets . . . Projections . . . processing substrates . . for treating sections to which inlet sealants are attached . . for uniformising the thickness of the cells . . for preventing liquid crystals from being contaminated . . for improving adhesion . . for preventing undercured inlet sealants . . of specified numerical values of inlet sealants
DA71 DA72 DA73 DA74 DA75 DA76 DA77 DA78 DA79 DA80
. of sealing materials . . Shapes thereof . . Multiple seals . . Provisional seals . . Dummy seals . . Shapes of substrates for sealing . . . at the steps or inclinations of substrates . . . using partial substrate projections as seals . . . with deformed ends of substrates for sealing . . for treating sections to which sealing materials are attached
DA81 DA82 DA83 DA84 DA85 DA86 DA87 DA88 DA89 DA90
. . . with grooves or rough surfaces . . . forming films . . . removing films . . . partially forming or removing films . . for uniformising the thickness of the cells . . . Dummy patterns . . for preventing liquid crystals from being contaminated . . for improving the adhesion . . for preventing undercured sealing materials . . of specified numerical values of sealing materials
EA EA00
MATERIAL OF SPACER, INLET, OR SEALING MATERIAL 		EA01 EA02 EA03 EA04 EA05 EA06 EA07
. Matrices * . . Organic materials * . . . Thermosetting materials * . . . Photocuring materials * . . . Photo-thermosetting materials * . . . Photosensitive materials * . . Inorganic materials *
EA11 EA12 EA13 EA15 EA16 EA17 EA19 EA20
. Additives * . . Conductive materials * . . Light absorbing materials * . Metals * . . Copper solder or the like * . . Deposited films * . Members for underlayer treatments * . . Surface active materials *
FA FA00
FORMING SPACER, INLET, OR LIQUID CRYSTAL LAYER; LAMINATING SUBSTRATE 		FA01 FA02 FA03 FA04 FA05 FA06 FA07 FA08 FA09 FA10
. Processes for forming spacers . . Deposition . . Dipping and lifting . . . Electrodeposition . . Coating . . . by mixing spacers with coating materials . . . Printing . . . . Screen printing . . . Dispensers including ink-jet units . . . Dispersing or distributing
FA11 FA12 FA13 FA14 FA15 FA16 FA17 FA18 FA19 FA20
. . . . Dry methods . . . . Wet methods . . . . by charging . . patterning specific areas at which spacers are formed . . . using masks or screens . . . using photolithography . . preventing spacing members from moving . . . Bonding . . manufacturing spacing members . Processes for forming inlets
FA21 FA22 FA23 FA24 FA25 FA26 FA27 FA28 FA29 FA30
. Processes for forming liquid crystal layers . . before laminating substrates . . . Dispensers including ink-jetting . . . Printing . . after laminating substrates . . . Forming processes . . . . dipping the cells into liquid crystal tanks . . . . . by contacting liquid crystals only to inlets . . . . Dispensers including ink-jet units . . . Injection processes
FA31 FA32 FA33 FA34 FA35 FA36 FA37 FA38 FA39 FA40
. . . . by vacuum or decompression . . . . by pressurisation . . Underlayer treatments or processing . . . forming grooves . . associated with aligning directions . . of smectic liquid crystal layers e.g. ferroelectric crystal layers . . requiring temperature adjustment or heating . . by pressurising the cells . . Fine adjustments of liquid crystal layers or the thickness of cells; Monitoring . . Pretreatments of liquid crystal layers e.g. defoaming liquid crystals
FA41 FA43 FA44 FA45 FA46 FA47 FA48 FA49
. . After-treatments e.g. uniformising treatments of liquid crystal layers . Processes for sealing laminating or inlet sealing . . applying sealing materials . . . Printing . . . . Screen printing . . . Dispensers including ink-jet units . . . pretreating sealing materials e.g. defoaming sealing materials . . . aligning sealing materials
FA51 FA52 FA53 FA54 FA55 FA56 FA57 FA58 FA59 FA60
. . curing sealing materials . . . by irradiating sealing materials with light . . . . combined with heating . . . . irradiating only sealing materials . . . . for preventing undercured sealing materials . . . by heating sealing materials . . . by melting the materials with ultrasonic waves . . . by inducing high frequency . . . Provisional sealing . . . Provisional curing
FA61 FA62 FA63 FA64 FA65 FA66 FA67 FA68 FA69 FA70
. . laminating substrates . . . aligning substrates . . . . Alignment marks . . . under vacuum or decompressed conditions . . . pressing substrates . . . . with gases or liquids . . . Fine adjustments of the thickness of cells; Monitoring . . applying inlet sealants . . curing inlet sealants . . . by irradiating inlet sealants with light
FA71 FA72 FA73 FA74 FA75 FA76 FA77 FA79 FA80
. . . . combined with heating . . . . irradiating inlet sealants only . . . . for preventing undercured inlet sealants . . . by heating inlet sealants . . . by sucking inlet sealants . . . Provisional curing . . of order involving other processes . Batch processing of a plurality of the cells . Continuous processes
FA81 FA82 FA83 FA84 FA85 FA86 FA87 FA88 FA89 FA90
. Using resin substrates . Apparatus or equipment . . for forming spacers . . . Distributing apparatus . . . Printing apparatus . . for forming liquid crystal layers . . . Drip apparatus . . . Injection apparatus . . for forming sealing materials . . . for applying sealing materials
FA91 FA92 FA93 FA94 FA95
. . . for curing sealing materials . . for laminating substrates . . for forming inlet sealants . . . for applying inlet sealants . . . for curing inlet sealants
GA GA00
FUNCTION OR PROPERTY OF SPACER, INLET, OR SEALING MATERIAL 		GA01 GA02 GA03 GA04 GA05 GA06 GA07 GA08 GA09 GA10
. of spacers . . electrical . . . for conducting between substrates . . . Conductivity or resistivity . . optical . . . Colouring or light shielding . . . Refractivity . . thermal . . . Thermal expansion coefficients . . mechanical
GA11 GA12 GA13 GA14 GA15
. . . Hardness or elasticity . . surface . . . of alignment . . . of bonding . . . of water wetting
GA21 GA22 GA23 GA24 GA25 GA26 GA27 GA28 GA29 GA30
. of inlet sealants . . electrical . . . for conducting between substrates . . . Conductivity or resistivity . . optical . . . Colouring or light shielding . . thermal . . . Thermal expansion coefficients . . for preventing liquid crystals from being contaminated . . . for preventing inlet sealants from dissolving into liquid crystals
GA31 GA32 GA33
. . for controlling the thickness of the cells . . for enhancing bonding functions . . Dust prevention
GA41 GA42 GA43 GA44 GA45 GA46 GA47 GA48 GA49 GA50
. of sealing materials . . electrical . . . for conducting between substrates . . . Conductivity or resistivity . . optical . . . Colouring or light shielding . . thermal . . . Thermal expansion coefficients . . for preventing liquid crystals from being contaminated . . . for preventing sealing materials from dissolving into liquid crystals
GA51 GA52 GA53
. . for controlling the thickness of the cells . . for enhancing bonding functions . . for water or moisture resistance
HA HA00
PURPOSE OR PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED 		HA01 HA02 HA03 HA04 HA05 HA06 HA07 HA08 HA09 HA10
. Safety . . protecting mechanically . . . for preventing liquid crystal cell from oscillating or being shocked . . . for preventing liquid crystal cells from having deflection . . Measures against harmful light or stray light . . Measures against high or low temperatures or heat . . Water or moisture proofing . . Dust prevention . . facilitating maintenance or exchange of parts . . Electromagnetic shield or antistatic
HA11 HA12 HA13 HA14 HA15 HA16
. Thinning downsizing or reducing weight . Improving productivity . Reducing consumable materials or parts count . Uniformising the thickness of the cells . Uniformising alignment . Other purposes or problems to be solved *
JA JA00
PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION OF LIQUID CRYSTAL 		JA01 JA02 JA03 JA04 JA05 JA06 JA07 JA08 JA09 JA10
. Current effect types . . Dynamic scattering (DS) types . Field effect types . . Dielectric anisotropy types . . . Twisted nematic (TN) types . . . Guest-host (GH) types . . . Electrically controlled birefringence (ECB) types . . . Super twisted nematic (STN) or super twisted birefringence effect (SBE) types . . . Phase change (PC) types . . . Vertical alignment (VA) types
JA11 JA12 JA13 JA14 JA15 JA16 JA17 JA18 JA19 JA20
. . . Homogeneous alignment types . . . Bend alignment or pi cells . . . Hybrid aligned nematic (HAN) types . . . Lateral electric field-driven types . . . Cholesteric types . . . . Polarisation selectivity . . . . Wavelength selectivity . . Permanent dipole types . . . Ferroelectric types . . . Antiferroelectric types
JA21 JA22 JA23 JA24 JA25 JA26 JA27 JA28 JA29 JA30
. Thermal effect types . . changing liquid crystal layers or transferring phases thereof . Optical effect types . Other principles of operations . . Pressure or oscillation effect types . . Magnetic field effect types . Additional structures thereto . . Means for dividing operations . . . by alignment films . . . by electrode structures
JA31 JA32 JA33 JA34
. . . by projections or recesses . . Arrangement for dividing operations . . . in picture elements . . . in each picture element
KA KA00
DEFINED PARAMETER OR NUMERICAL VALUE OF CELL STATE 		KA01 KA02 KA03 KA05 KA06 KA07 KA08 KA09 KA10
. Thickness (d) of liquid crystal cells . Refractivity anisotropy (delta n) . Retardation (delta n x d) . Transmissivity of liquid crystal materials . Elastic constants of liquid crystal materials . Twist angles . Regulated pitches p with filled cells; d/p . Spontaneous pitches q of liquid crystal materials; d/q . Pretilt angles
KA11 KA13 KA14 KA15 KA16 KA17 KA18 KA19 KA20
. . having different angles between the upper and lower substrates . Angles formed between polarisation axes and alignment axes . Angles formed between polarisation axes between polarisers * . Operating temperatures . Drive frequencies . Dielectric constants or dielectric anisotropy of liquid crystal materials . Parameters or numerical values of cell states not otherwise provided for * . Relationships between parameters . . Ratios or differences
LA LA00
OTHER RELATED COMPONENT 		LA01 LA02 LA03 LA04 LA05 LA06 LA07 LA08 LA09 LA10
. Substrates . . Protect substrates . Electric conductors or electrodes . . for external connections . Alignment films . Insulating films . Bonding agents or adhesives . Drive circuits or drive elements . . Power sources . . Active elements or non-linear elements e.g. TFTs or TFDs
LA11 LA13 LA14 LA15 LA16 LA17 LA18 LA19 LA20
. . Photoconductors . Optical elements . . Wavelength selective elements or colour filters . . Light shielding or absorbing members . . Phase compensation plates . . Polarising elements . . Lenses or prisms . . Diffusing elements or reflecting elements . . Light sources
LA21 LA22 LA24 LA25 LA26 LA27 LA28 LA29 LA30
. . . for writing * . . Light guides or optical fibres . Additional components . . with input functions; Touch panels . . . Means therefor . . . . optical . . . . electromagnetic . . . Arrangement thereof . . . . on the surfaces of liquid crystal panels
LA31 LA32 LA33
. . . . on the internal surfaces of liquid crystal panels . . . . on the rear surfaces of liquid crystal panels . . with acoustic functions
MA MA00
SPECIAL USE 		MA01 MA03 MA05 MA06 MA07 MA08 MA09
. Antiglare mirrors . Light valves . Projectors * . . Liquid crystal panels with single panels . . Liquid crystal panels with three panels . Displays for vehicles . . for car navigation
MA11 MA13 MA15
. Level meters . Electronic paper sheets . Other special use *
NA NA00
STRUCTURE COMBINING MULTIPLE FUNCTIONS 		NA01 NA02 NA03 NA05 NA07 NA09
. Transmissive reflection types . . Full semi-transmission . . having transmission areas and reflection areas . Full reflection types . Variable control of visible angles . Both-side displays
NA11 NA13
. Multiscreen displays . Stereoscopic displays
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