F-Term-List

G03G13/00;15/00;15/00,550-15/00,555;15/00,680;21/16-21/18,196

FA00
SCOPE OF CLAIMS

FA01

FA02

FA03

FA04

FA05

FA06

FA07

FA09

FA10

. Casings, bases, carrying, storage, packaging <=> HA

. Units, process cartridges <=> JA

. Mounting (attaching and detaching, fixing, or the like), positioning <=> KA

. Drive mechanisms, braking mechanisms <=> LA

. Electrical connections, circuit boards, power supply <=> MA

. Means of regulating environments, safety device <=> NA

. Manufacture, assembly, disassembly <=> NA

. Photoacceptors <=> QA01-QA20

. Intermediate transfer bodies <=> QA21-QA30

FA11

FA12

FA13

FA14

FA15

FA16

FA17

FA18

FA19

FA20

. Uniform charges <=> QB01-QB10

. Latent image formation <=> QB11-QB30

. Development <=> QB31-QB50

. Developers <=> QB51-QB60

. Transfer <=> QC01-QC14

. Separation <=> QC16-QC20

. Cleaning <=> QC21-QC26

. Removal of electric charges <=> QC28-QC34

. Fixing <=> QC36-QC40

. Other electrographic processes <=> QC41-QC50

FA21

FA22

FA24

FA25

FA26

FA27

FA28

FA30

. Original stands, original carrying, original reading <=> RA

. Final transfer materials, carrying of final transfer materials <=> SA

. (Thermo-)Dynamic values, sizes, angles <=> TA

. Electromagnetic values <=> TB

. Materials, qualities thereof <=> UA

. Layer structures <=> VA

. Referring to arrangements <=> WA

. Members or the like not limited to specified applications <=> XA

GA00
PROBLEMS, PURPOSES, EFFECTS

GA01

GA02

GA03

GA04

GA05

GA06

GA08

GA09

. Improvement in picture quality

. Speed increase

. Downsizing, space saving

. Cost reduction, decrease in the number of parts (combined uses or the like), simplification

. Light weight

. Improvement in operability

. Prevention of nonuniform drives

. Prevention of damages

GA11

GA12

GA13

GA14

GA15

GA16

GA18

GA19

GA20

. Facilitating maintenance

. Facilitating mounting, demounting, attaching and detaching

. Facilitating positioning, improvement in accuracy

. Prevention of erroneous mounting, countermeasure against imitations

. Improvement in methods for manufacture, assembly, structures for facilitating manufacture, assembly

. Facilitating disassembly

. Measures for energy saving, preservation of global environments

. Reuse, re-use, recycle uses

. Improvement of lifetime, effective utilization of devices, members before lifetime

GA21

GA23

GA24

GA25

GA27

GA29

. Facilitating measuring and evaluating, facilitating setting, facilitating adjustments

. Measures against influences from heat sources in devices

. Measures against the atmosphere, temperature, humidity outside devices

. Improvement in durability, measures against aging variations

. Prevention of electrostatic charging, measures against unnecessary charging

. Prevention of toner or the like from scattering

GA31

GA32

GA33

GA34

GA36

GA37

GA38

GA40

. Measures for abnormalities, safety measures

. Measures for intensity

. Measures against vibration

. Noise prevention, noise reduction

. Measures for transportation, facilitating carrying

. Measures for packaging

. Measures for storage

. Others*

HA00
CASINGS, BASES, CARRYING, STORAGE, PACKAGING

HA01

HA02

HA03

HA04

HA05

HA06

HA07

HA08

HA09

HA10

. Types of casings*

. . Casings being not divided

. . Casings being divided

. . . Divided vertically

. . . Divided not vertically

. . . Divided into two

. . . Divided into three or more

. . . Inner apparatuses (including units) moving at the time of dividing

. . . Positioning of apparatuses (including units) at the time of closing

. . . Energizing casings in opening directions

HA11

HA12

HA13

HA14

HA15

HA17

HA18

HA19

HA20

. . . Casings being maintained in opening positions

. . . Measures against inclination in opening states of casings

. . . Casings being locked in closing positions

. . . Detecting opening and closing states of casings

. . . Specific structures around pivots, spindles, hinges

. . Formation of body casings by plural casings

. . . Combination of casings for original reading and casings for image formation

. . Casings having paper discharging parts in bodies

. . Referring to forms at the time of using (excluding tray movements)

HA21

HA22

HA23

HA24

HA25

HA26

HA27

HA28

HA29

HA30

. Casing constructions, casing additions*

. . Skeletons, frameworks, frames

. . Exterior plates (e.g. covers, doors)

. . Windows, opening parts

. . Shielding plates, shielding members (e.g. light, heat shielding)

. . . Electromagnetic wave shield

. . Reinforcing plates, reinforcing members

. . Article placing stands, article housing parts (e.g. clips)

. . . For originals, for final transfer materials

. . Original covers

HA31

HA32

HA33

HA34

HA36

HA37

HA39

HA40

. . Operation and display panels

. . Legs of casings

. . Handles, holding parts

. . Fixed indication (e.g. labels)

. Sizes of casings TA.

. Casing materials or qualities thereof UA.

. Bases, racks

. Transportation, storage, packaging (Priority to HA32, 33)

JA00
UNITS, PROCESS CARTRIDGES

JA01

JA02

JA03

JA04

JA05

JA06

JA07

JA08

JA09

JA10

. Devices, members within single function units*

. . Photoacceptors QA01-QA20

. . Intermediate transfer bodies QA21-QA30

. . Uniform charges QB01-QB10

. . Latent image formation (e.g. exposure) QB11-QB30

. . Development (including integrating with developer supply) QB31 and its subdivisions

. . Developer supply QB31 and its subdivisions

. . Transfer QC01-QC14

. . Separation QC16-QC20

. . Cleaning QC21-QC26

JA11

JA12

JA13

JA14

JA15

JA16

JA17

JA18

JA19

JA20

. . Removal of eclectic charges QC28-QC34

. . Fixing QC36-QC40

. . Original stands, original carrying or original reading RA

. . Drive mechanisms or braking mechanisms LA

. . Electrical connections, circuit boards or power supply MA

. . Carrying of final transfer materials SA

. . . Paper feeding (Paper feeding cassettes to be imparted to SA19) SA

. . . Carrying from paper feeding parts to transfer parts SA

. . . Carrying from transfer parts to paper discharging parts SA

. . . Carrying including transfer parts SA

JA21

JA22

JA23

JA24

JA25

JA26

JA27

JA28

JA29

JA30

. . . Circulation carrying, reversing parts, intermediate trays SA

. . . Paper discharging SA

. Multi-functional units including photoacceptors

. Multi-functional units not including photoacceptors

. Devices, members in multi-functional units

. . Intermediate transfer bodies QA21-QA30

. . Uniform charges QB01-QB10

. . Latent image formation, e.g. exposure QB11-QB30

. . Development, developer supply QB31 and its subdivisions

. . Transfer or separation QC01-QC

JA31

JA32

JA33

JA34

JA35

JA36

JA38

JA39

JA40

. . Cleaning QC21-QC26

. . Removal of electric charges QC28<=> QC34

. . Fixing QC36-QC40

. . Drive mechanisms or braking mechanisms LA

. . Electrical connections, circuit boards or power supply MA

. . Carrying of final transfer materials SA

. Electrographic process apparatuses being attachable and detachable to units

. Referring to connections with each other for plural units

. . Main units by bonding of plural units

JA41

JA42

JA43

JA44

JA45

JA46

JA47

JA48

JA49

JA50

. Functions, devices members added to units*

. . Carrying of final transfer materials

. . Windows, opening parts (e.g. exposure windows, detection windows)

. . Cleaning of devices, members around units

. . Prevention of toner from scattering

. . Shielding (e.g. against heat insulation, electromagnetic wave shield)

. . . Optical shielding (e.g. drum shutters)

. . Positioning members (e.g. guide members)

. . Detectors

. . Memory means (e.g. part information holding)

JA51

JA52

JA53

JA57

JA58

JA59

. . Electrodes, connectors

. . Handles, holding parts

. . Indication (e.g. labels)

. Sizes of units TA

. Materials of unit casings or qualities thereof UA

. Referring to shapes of units

KA00
MOUNTING (ATTACHING AND DETACHING, FIXING OR THE LIKE), POSITIONING

KA01

KA02

KA03

KA04

KA05

KA06

KA07

KA08

KA09

KA10

. Mounted, positioned*

. . Mounting, positioning of casing additions

. . Mounting, positioning of bases, racks

. . Mounting, positioning of units

. . . Mounting, positioning to apparatus bodies

. . . Mounting, positioning of units with each other

. . . Mounting, positioning to process apparatuses, members

. . Mounting, positioning of process apparatuses, members

. . . Mounting, positioning to apparatus bodies

. . . Mounting, positioning to units

KA11

KA12

KA13

KA15

KA16

KA17

KA18

. . . Mounting, positioning of process apparatuses, members with each other

. . Mounting, positioning of drive, braking, carrying mechanisms

. . Mounting, positioning of electrical connection parts, circuit boards, power supply parts

. Directions of mounting, attaching and detaching

. . Axial directions of photoacceptors

. . Directions perpendicular to photoacceptor axes

. . . Vertical directions

KA21

KA22

KA23

KA24

KA25

KA26

KA27

KA28

KA29

KA30

. Constructions for mounting, positioning

. . Guides, grooves

. . Pins, protrusion members

. . Spacers, rollers, spacing holding members

. . Energizing, pressing means

. . Shafts, bearings

. . Locking members

. . Screws, rivets

. Peripheral equipment, members retracting at the time of attaching and detaching

. Detection of mounting, positioning

LA00
DRIVE MECHANISMS, BRAKING MECHANISMS

LA01

LA02

LA03

LA04

LA05

LA06

LA07

LA08

LA09

LA10

. Drive mechanisms

. . Elements of drive mechanisms

. . . Rotation drive sources (e.g. motors)

. . . . Single rotation drive source

. . . . Plural rotation drive sources

. . . . Sharing of rotation drive sources

. . . Linear drive sources (e.g. solenoids)

. . . Gears

. . . . Gear ratios, number of teeth, pitch angles

. . . . Utilization of forces generated by engagement of gears

LA11

LA12

LA13

LA14

LA15

LA16

LA17

LA18

LA20

. . . Drive belts, belt pulleys

. . . Drive rollers

. . . Coupling, interconnecting members, clutches

. . . Tension adjustment means

. . . Inertia providing means (e.g. flywheels)

. . . Meandering prevention means

. . Drive mechanisms being connected with positioning

. . Controls relating to drives

. Braking mechanisms

MA00
ELECTRICAL CONNECTIONS, CIRCUIT BOARDS, POWER SUPPLY

MA01

MA02

MA03

MA04

MA05

MA07

. Electrical connections*

. . Connectors, electrodes, terminals

. . Wiring, harnesses

. . Referring to wire omission, harnessless

. . Grounding

. . Electrically connecting with positioning

MA11

MA12

MA13

MA16

MA17

MA18

MA20

. Circuit boards

. . For controlling input voltages, currents from power supply

. . Multiple functions

. Power supply

. . High-voltage power supply

. . Low-voltage power supply

. Electrical connection part, circuit board, power supply covers

NA00
MEANS FOR REGULATING ENVIRONMENTS, SAFETY DEVICES

NA01

NA02

NA03

NA04

NA05

NA06

NA08

NA09

. Means for performing regulations of environments in apparatuses

. . Heating means

. . Cooling means

. . Ozone removal means

. . Ventilation passages (Ducts)

. . Means for preventing toner from scattering (Priority to QB36)

. Safety devices

. . Interlocks

PA00
MANUFACTURE, ASSEMBLY, DISASSEMBLY

PA01

PA02

PA03

PA04

PA05

PA06

PA07

PA08

PA09

. Process of manufacturing or assembling*

. . Machining (e.g. bending, pressing, polishing)

. . Plastic working

. . . Integral molding

. . Application (including deposition, spattering)

. . Fixing (e.g. welding, adhesion)

. . . Fixing with screws, rivets

. . Performing heat treatment

. . With chemical changes

PA11

PA12

PA13

PA14

PA15

PA17

PA18

PA19

PA20

. Objects of manufacture, assembly (QB58 for developers)*

. . Casings, units

. . Photoacceptors

. . Electrographic process apparatuses other than photoacceptors

. . Drive, braking, carrying mechanisms

. Assembly, attaching and detaching sequences

. . Unable to assemble, attach and detach according to other sequences

. Dismantling, disassembly

. Reassembly

QA00
OVERALL CONSTRUCTIONS OF ELECTROGRAPHIC PROCESSES

QA01

QA02

QA03

QA04

QA05

QA06

QA07

QA08

QA09

. Photoacceptors

. . Photoacceptors being one

. . Photoacceptors being plural

. . . Formation of images of one color with one photoacceptor

. . Superimposing toner patterns on photoacceptors

. . Formation of other toner patterns after transferring toner patterns

. . Shapes of photoacceptors (e.g. sheet shapes)

. . . Cylinders, columns, drums

. . . Endless belts

QA11

QA12

QA13

QA14

QA15

QA16

QA17

QA18

QA19

QA20

. . Specific structures of spindles or bearings of photoacceptors

. . Internal structures of photoacceptors (excluding spindles, layer structures)

. . Drive mechanisms of photoacceptors LA

. . Heating, cooling of photoacceptors

. . Sizes of photoacceptors TA

. . Speed, peripheral speed of photoacceptors TA

. . Materials of photosensitive layers, qualities thereof UA

. . . Organic type UA

. . Materials of photoacceptors other than photosensitive layer or qualities thereof UA

. . Layer structures of photoacceptors VA

QA21

QA22

QA23

QA24

QA25

QA27

QA28

QA29

QA30

. Intermediate transfer bodies

. . Shapes of intermediate transfer bodies

. . . Cylinders, columns, drums

. . . Endless belts

. . Drive mechanisms of intermediate transfer bodies, LA

. . Sizes of intermediate transfer bodies TA

. . Speed or peripheral speed of intermediate transfer bodies TA

. . Materials of intermediate transfer bodies or qualities thereof UA

. . Layer structures of intermediate transfer bodies VA

QB00
OVERALL CONSTRUCTIONS OF ELECTROGRAPHIC PROCESSES (CONTINUED FROM QA)

QB01

QB02

QB03

QB04

QB05

QB06

QB07

QB08

QB09

QB10

. Uniform charges

. . Corona charging

. . Roller charging

. . Brush charging

. . . Charges by magnetic brushes (Magnetic particles)

. . Charges according to methods other than QB02-QB05

. . Materials of uniform charging devices or qualities thereof UA

. . Charging biases, applied voltages and currents TB

. . . Direct current only TB

. . . Alternating current (including superimposition) TB

QB11

QB12

QB13

QB14

QB15

QB16

QB17

QB18

QB19

QB20

. Latent image formation

. . Analog exposure

. . Combination of analog exposure and digital exposure

. . Digital exposure

. . . Laser exposure

. . . Heads being of array shapes

. . . Digital exposure devices arranged above bodies

. . . Digital exposure devices arranged below bodies

. . . Digital exposure devices arranged on front, rear or side parts of bodies

. . Exposure from the back surfaces of photoacceptors

QB21

QB22

QB23

QB24

QB25

QB26

QB27

QB28

QB29

QB30

. . Wavelength of exposure light beams

. . Exposure light intensity

. . Recording dot diameter, length, shapes

. . Recording scanning density

. . Latent image formation by other than light

. . . Polystyle electrodes

. . . Ion flows

. . . Magnetic latent images

. . Latent image formation speed TA

. . Materials of latent image forming devices, qualities thereof UA

QB31

QB32

QB33

QB34

QB35

QB36

QB37

QB38

QB40

. Development

. . One development apparatus on periphery of photoacceptors

. . Plural development apparatuses on periphery of photoacceptors

. . . Selectively moving plural development apparatus (excluding contacting and separating motions)

. . Specific structures of development apparatus, toner supplying units

. . Structures for prevention of toner from scattering

. . . Using seal members

. . Drive mechanisms of development apparatus LA

. . Wet development

QB41

QB42

QB43

QB45

QB46

QB47

QB49

QB50

. . Contact development

. . Contactless development

. . Combination of plural development principles

. . Sizes of development apparatus TA

. . Development speed TA

. . Materials of development apparatus, qualities thereof UA

. . Development biases TB

. . . Alternating current biases TB

QB51

QB52

QB53

QB54

QB55

QB56

QB57

QB58

QB59

QB60

. Developers

. . Toner

. . . Materials, qualities or characteristics thereof UA

. . . Particle diameters

. . Carriers

. . . Materials, qualities or characteristics thereof UA

. . . Particle diameters

. . Manufacture, manufacturing methods of developers

. . Detection for developers

. . . Detection of concentration, residual amount of developers in development apparatus

QC00
OVERALL CONSTRUCTIONS OF ELECTROGRAPHIC PROCESSES (CONTINUED FROM QB)

QC01

QC02

QC03

QC04

QC05

QC06

QC07

QC09

. Transfer

. . Transfer dischargers

. . Transfer rollers

. . Transfer drums

. . Transfer belts

. . Holding methods of final transfer materials in transfer devices

. . . Holding by electrostatic adsorption

. . Drive mechanisms of transfer devices LA

QC11

QC12

QC13

QC14

QC16

QC17

QC18

QC19

QC20

. . Transfer biases, transfer charge amount TB

. . Transfer roller, drum or belt speeds TA

. . Sizes of transfer devices TA

. . Materials of transfer devices or qualities thereof UA

. Separation

. . Utilization of mechanical forces

. . Application of electrostatic forces

. . . Separation biases TB

. . Materials of separation devices, qualities thereof, UA

QC21

QC22

QC23

QC24

QC25

QC26

QC28

QC29

QC30

. Cleaning

. . Cleaning of photoacceptors

. . . Cleaning using other than blades

. . Cleaning of devices, members other than photoacceptors

. . Materials of cleaning devices, qualities thereof, UA

. . Recovery of toner or the like, containers therefor

. Removal of electric charges (QC47, 48 for removal of electric charges of toner)

. . Removal of electric charges of photoacceptors

. . Removal of electric charges of transfer devices, intermediate transfer bodies

QC31

QC32

QC33

QC34

QC36

QC37

QC38

QC39

QC40

. . Removal of electric charges of final transfer materials (Priority to QC18)

. . Removal of electric charges by light

. . Removal of electric charges by chargers

. . Removal of electric charges by grounding

. Fixing

. . Fixing using other than rollers

. . Fixing temperature or fixing pressure TA

. . Fixing speed or sizes of fixing units TA

. . Materials of fixing units or qualities thereof UA

QC41

QC42

QC43

QC44

QC46

QC47

QC48

QC49

QC50

. Eliminating uses of dedicated devices

. . Eliminating uses of cleaning devices

. . Without uniform charging devices (excluding image-like charging)

. . Eliminating uses of fixing devices (e.g. simultaneous transferring and fixing)

. Electrographic processes which are not covered by QA01-QA44

. . Removing static electricity of toner which is already developed but not transferred yet

. . Removing static electricity of remaining toner which is already transferred

. . Disturbing and rearranging remaining toner which is already transferred

. . Removing static electricity of latent images

RA00
ORIGINAL STANDS, ORIGINAL CARRYING OR ORIGINAL READING

RA01

RA02

RA03

RA04

RA05

RA06

RA08

RA09

. Original stands

. . Original stands not arranged above the bodies

. Original carrying apparatuses

. . Carrier conveying originals vertically

. Original reading apparatuses

. . Original reading apparatuses not arranged above the bodies

. Illuminating light sources for originals

. . Movable light sources

SA00
FINAL TRANSFER MATERIALS, CARRYING OF FINAL TRANSFER MATERIALS

SA01

SA02

SA03

SA04

SA06

SA07

SA08

SA09

SA10

. Final transfer materials (excluding features of paper only)

. . Final transfer materials other than paper

. . Sizes or thickness of final transfer materials

. . . Fixed-form sizes

. Carrying of final transfer materials

. . Almost-totally liner carrying path

. . . Vertical or oblique

. . Curved carrying path

. . . S shapes

SA11

SA12

SA13

SA14

SA15

SA17

SA18

SA19

SA20

. . . U shapes or J shapes

. . Final transfer materials passing over transfer units

. . Final transfer materials passing below transfer units

. . Final transfer materials passing sides of transfer units

. . Circulation carrying paths, intermediate trays, reversing mechanisms

. . Paper feed parts accommodating final transfer materials

. . . Paper feed parts being completely stowable in bodies

. . . Paper feed cassettes

. . . Manual paper feeding

SA21

SA22

SA23

SA25

SA26

SA27

SA28

SA29

. . . Paper feeding arranged above the transfer parts

. . . Paper feeding arranged below transfer parts

. . . Paper feed parts arranged at substantially same height with transfer parts

. . Paper discharging parts of final transfer materials

. . . Paper discharging parts arranged above the transfer parts

. . . Paper discharging parts arranged below the transfer parts

. . . Paper discharging parts arranged at substantially same height with transfer parts

. . . After-processing devices of final transfer materials, e.g. sorters

SA31

SA32

SA34

SA35

SA36

SA37

SA39

. . Carrying rollers

. . Carrying belts

. . Opening of carrying paths

. . . From paper feed parts to transfer parts

. . . From transfer parts to paper discharging parts

. . . Opening of carrying paths including transfer parts

. . Carrying speed of final transfer materials TA

TA00
(THERMO-)DYNAMIC VALUES, SIZES, ANGLES*

TA01

TA02

TA03

TA04

TA05

TA06

TA07

TA08

TA09

TA10

. Dynamic values*

. . Friction coefficients, roughness

. . Hardness

. . Stiffness

. . Weight

. . Driving forces, braking forces

. . Elastic forces, pressing forces, pressures

. . Velocity, acceleration

. Thermodynamic values*

. . Temperature, humidity

TA11

TA12

TA14

TA15

TA16

TA17

TA18

TA19

TA20

. . Coefficients of thermal expansion

. . Thermal conductivity

. Sizes (excluding exposure diameters, developers, final transfer materials)*

. . Direct distances across, diameters, radii

. . Circumferential length (Circumference TA15)

. . Thickness (e.g. layer thickness, film thickness, plate thickness)

. . Height, length in perpendicular directions

. . Horizontal length (depth, width, or the like)

. Angles

TB00
ELECTROMAGNETIC VALUES*

TB01

TB02

TB03

TB04

TB06

TB08

TB09

TB10

. Applied voltage (current) values

. . Applying direct currents (TB04 takes precedence)

. . Applying alternating currents (TB04 takes precedence)

. . Superimposition (Direct currents + alternating currents)

. Frequencies of applied voltages (currents)

. Waveforms of applied voltages (currents)

. . Sinusoidal waves

. . Rectangular waves

TB11

TB12

TB13

TB14

TB15

TB16

TB17

TB18

TB20

. Duty ratios or pulse width

. Electrical resistances

. Volume resistivity

. Surface resistivity

. Permittivity

. Electric (electrostatic) capacitance values

. Values of charged amount

. Electric fields, magnetic fields

. Others*

UA00
MATERIALS , QUALITIES THEREOF*

UA01

UA02

UA03

UA04

UA05

UA06

UA07

UA08

UA10

. Basic materials, materials of additives

. . Basic materials being metals (including metallic compounds)

. . Basic materials being resins

. . Basic materials other than metals or resins

. . Metals (including metallic compounds) being added to basic materials

. . Resins being added to basic materials

. . Other than metals, resins being added to basic materials

. . Materials having foaming (porous) structures

. Mixing, adding, containing ratios, quantities

UA11

UA12

UA13

UA14

UA15

UA16

UA17

UA18

UA19

UA20

. Dynamic properties of materials*

. . Elasticity

. . Plasticity

. . Stiffness

. . Mold release properties, flowability

. . Lubricity, abrasion resistances

. Thermodynamic properties of materials*

. . Heat insulation

. . Thermal resistance

. . Heat conductivity

UA21

UA22

UA23

UA24

UA25

UA26

UA27

UA28

UA29

UA30

. Electromagnetic properties of materials*

. . Conductivity

. . Semi-conductivity

. . Insulation properties

. . Dielectricity

. . Magnetism

. . Non-magnetism

. . Properties susceptible to charging

. . Properties not susceptible to charging

. Others*

VA00
LAYER STRUCTURES*

VA01

VA02

VA03

VA04

VA05

VA06

VA08

VA09

. Support layers

. . Materials of support layers or qualities thereof UA

. Intermediate layers

. . Materials of intermediate layers, qualities thereof UA

. Surface layers

. . Materials of surface layers or qualities thereof UA

. Adhesion layers

. . Materials of adhesion layers or qualities thereof UA

WA00
REFERRING TO ARRANGEMENTS

WA01

WA02

WA03

WA04

WA05

WA06

WA07

WA08

WA09

WA10

. Objects of arrangement setting, selection*

. . Photoacceptors

. . Intermediate transfer bodies

. . Original stands, original carrying apparatuses, original reading apparatuses

. . Uniform charging devices

. . Latent image formation devices

. . Development apparatus, developer supplying units

. . Transfer devices, separation devices

. . Electric charge removal devices

. . Cleaning devices

WA11

WA12

WA13

WA15

WA16

WA17

WA18

WA19

. . Fixing devices

. . Drive, braking, carrying mechanisms

. . Electrical connection parts, circuit boards, power supply parts

. Arranged positions

. . Upper parts in device bodies

. . Front, rear, side parts in device bodies

. . Lower parts in device bodies

. . Outsides of device bodies

WA21

WA23

WA25

WA26

WA27

. Arrangements of units in casings

. Arrangements of members inside units

. Methods for specifying arrangement positions*

. . Distances, length

. . Angles

XA00
MEMBERS, PARTS, DEVICES NOT LIMITED TO SPECIFIED APPLICATIONS

XA01

XA02

XA03

XA04

XA05

XA06

. Specific shapes

. . Rollers

. . Endless belts

. . Sheets

. . Brushes

. . Blades

XA11

XA12

XA13

XA14

XA15

XA16

XA20

. Specific functions*

. . Members, devices to which voltages are applied

. . Light irradiation members, devices

. . Cleaning members, devices

. . Developer holding members, devices

. . Specific mechanical functions

. Others*

2H171	General electrophotography. Overall configuration and components
	G03G13/00 ;15/00;15/00,550-15/00,555;15/00,680;21/16-21/18,185