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2H151 AUTOMATIC FOCUS ADJUSTMENT
G02B7/28 -7/40
G02B7/28-7/40 AA AA00
CHARACTERIZED BY USE * 		AA01 AA02 AA03 AA04 AA05 AA06 AA07 AA08 AA09 AA10
. specially adapted for still-picture cameras . . specially adapted for cameras not being capable of exchanging lenses . . specially adapted for multi-focal type cameras . . . by adding separate adapters . . . specially adapted for zoom types . . specially adapted for cameras of interchangeable lens types . specially adapted for motion picture cameras (AA01-AA06 takes precedence) . specially adapted for television cameras (AA01-AA07 takes precedence) . specially adapted for viewers or projectors . specially adapted for aligners or printers
AA11 AA12 AA13 AA14 AA15
. specially adapted for microscopes . specially adapted for binoculars or telescopes . for light processing machines . for optical disc devices . for optical test devices
BA BA00
TTL DISTANCE MEASURING METHOD 		BA01 BA02 BA03 BA04 BA05 BA06 BA07 BA09 BA10
. by passive-type displacement detection methods . . Pupil dividing methods * . . . Branching half way through lens systems . . . using spectacle lenses . . . with concave mirrors . . . with groups of micro lenses . . . with masks . . by displacement of upper and lower images . . . using prisms
BA12 BA13 BA14 BA15 BA16 BA17 BA18 BA20
. . Splitting light in time series . . . Detecting by amplitudes of ac output . . Sharing elements . . . Sharing with other distance measuring methods . . Responding to vignetting by lenses used . . using a plurality of sets of sensors . . . arranged in different directions . . using auxiliary light or patterns
BA21 BA22 BA23 BA24 BA25 BA26 BA27 BA29
. by displacement detection methods of TTL active-types . . being semi-TTL . . characterized by light receiving elements * . . . using two-divided light receiving elements . . . using multi-divided light receiving elements . . . using position sensitive detectors . . . Providing light receiving elements to a plurality of positions . . Detecting inclination as well
BA32 BA33 BA34 BA35 BA37 BA39
. . Emphasizing means for position variations * . . . Slits or obturating plates . . . Mirrors . . . using critical angles . . Always projecting patterns . . Measures for reflection influences at lens planes or the like of distance measuring light
BA41 BA42 BA43 BA44 BA45 BA46 BA47 BA48 BA49 BA50
. by blur detection methods . . characterized by light receiving elements * . . . using dip effects (CdS) . . . using sensor arrays . . . . two-dimensional . . . . Segmentations of each group of cells being variable . . using picture signals . . mechanically scanning . . using optical emphasizing means of blurs . . Performing optical Fourier transform
BA52 BA53 BA54 BA55 BA57 BA58 BA59 BA60
. . Detecting at different positions of optical path lengths . . . Providing detectors at different positions of optical path lengths . . . . Detecting at three or more different positions of optical path lengths . . . characterized by optical members to set optical path lengths . . Varying optical path lengths or the like in time series . . . Switching optical members . . . . Sharing sensitive elements . . . Moving sensitive elements
BA62 BA63 BA65 BA66 BA67 BA68 BA70
. . . Varying optical path lengths or the like in vibrating manners . . . . Photographing lenses oscillating . . Search scanning . . . with photographing lenses . . . with other optical elements . . . with sensitive elements . . using auxiliary light
BA72 BA73 BA75 BA76 BA77 BA78 BA80
. . using specific patterns . . . by magnification . . Active types (additionally classified in BA41-BA78) . . . Semi-TTL methods (additionally classified in BA41-BA78) . . . Projecting patterns (additionally classified in BA41-BA78) . . . . by using magnification (additionally classified in BA41-BA78) . using eyeballs
BB BB00
NON-TTL DISTANCE MEASURING METHOD 		BB01 BB02 BB03 BB04 BB05 BB06 BB07 BB08 BB09 BB10
. Passive-type base line length triangle distance measuring . . having movable optical members * . . . with mirrors . . . . Search scanning . . . . Mirrors and lenses interlocking . . . characterized by controlling scans . . not having movable parts . . Sharing sensitive elements . . being capable of switching with active-type base line length distance measuring . . using auxiliary light, patterns, or the like
BB11 BB12 BB13 BB14 BB15 BB16 BB17 BB18 BB19 BB20
. Active-type base line length triangle distance measuring . . Scanning * . . . using slits or obturating plates . . . with mirrors . . . with other optical members * . . . with light sources . . . . using a number of light sources . . . with light receiving elements . . . characterized by scanning methods . . Stationary types
BB21 BB22 BB23 BB24 BB25 BB26 BB27 BB28 BB29 BB30
. . characterized by light receiving elements * . . . using two-divided light receiving elements . . . using multi-divided light receiving elements . . . using position sensitive detectors . . . using a plurality of light receiving elements . using reflected waves not having base line lengths * . . by light . . . by flashes . . . by blurs of light . . by sound waves
BB31 BB32 BB33 BB34 BB35 BB36 BB38 BB39
. Others * . . Gravity types . . by air pressure . . by electrostatic capacitance . . by maintaining specific positional relations . . . mechanical . . of twin-lens reflex types (additionally classified in the places under BA) . . . Mechanical interlocking parts with lenses used or photographing lenses
CA CA00
ARRANGEMENT, ASSEMBLY, OR ADJUSTMENT OF AUTOMATIC FOCUS DEVICE 		CA01 CA02 CA03 CA04 CA05 CA06 CA07 CA08 CA09 CA10
. Arrangement including designs of contours * . . Providing at lens barrels . . Providing drive sources at lens barrels and distance measuring parts at bodies . . Providing at bodies . . Incorporating distance measuring units into finders . . being separate units, e.g. detachable types . . arranged in movable conditions . Attachment structures * . . Sensitive elements . . Optical systems for detection
CA11 CA12 CA13 CA15 CA16 CA17 CA18
. Assembly . . Unitization . . . Integrating other configuration, e.g. shutters . Adjustment . . Adjustment when assembling . . . by non-mechanical means . . Structures for facilitating adjustment
CB CB00
DETECTION PART 		CB01 CB02 CB03 CB04 CB05 CB06 CB07 CB08 CB09 CB10
. Optical systems (for each optical element CB02-CB14) . . Means for branching or combining . . . in time series . . Means for changing optical path lengths . . Slits or obturating plates . . Diaphragms or masks . . Lenses . . . Spectacle lenses . . . Groups of micro lenses . . . Field lenses
CB11 CB12 CB13 CB14 CB15 CB16 CB17 CB18 CB19 CB20
. . Mirrors . . . Curved mirrors . . Filters . . Other optical elements * . . Materials * . . Coatings . Sensitive elements * . . CdS . . Divided elements . . . Sensor arrays
CB21 CB22 CB23 CB24 CB25 CB26 CB27 CB28 CB29 CB30
. . . . Integrally providing a plurality of parts used . . . . two-dimensional . . Position sensitive detectors . . Circuits inherent to elements . . Mounting elements and circuits . . shared with those other than automatic focus . Mechanical structures . Shapes of single optical element or sensitive element . Mutual arrangement of a plurality of optical elements and sensitive elements . for safety or dust-proof of detection parts
CC CC00
ACTIVE MEANS OR AUXILIARY LIGHT FOR DISTANCE MEASURING 		CC01 CC02 CC03 CC04 CC05 CC06 CC07 CC08 CC09 CC10
. Transmitters . . by light . . . Selection of wavelengths . . . Patterns . . . . Varying . . . Setting or controlling light emitting ranges . . . . Multi-point light emitting . . . . Controlling scans . . . . . Progressively operating a plurality of light sources . . . Controlling light volumes
CC11 CC12 CC13 CC14 CC15 CC16 CC17 CC18 CC19 CC20
. . . by flashes . . . Winking . . . Optical systems . . . . Filters . Switching operations or non-operation of active means . . automatic . . . Interlocking with other functions . . . . Interlocking with stroboscopes . . . by brightness or contrasts . . . by focus error
CD CD00
CORRECTION OF DETECTION OUTPUT 		CD01 CD02 CD03 CD04 CD05 CD06 CD07 CD08 CD09 CD10
. Correction of detection parts * . . AGC . . . by feedback of output . . . . Determining initial values . . . using other monitors . . Uniformizing sensitivity . . Dark currents . . Removing or confirming vignetting . . Correction of detection part optical systems . . . Aberration
CD11 CD12 CD13 CD14 CD15 CD16 CD18 CD19
. Correction for photographing lenses or lenses used * . . Aberration . . Correction by variations of focal length . . Correction for using converters . . Close-up or macro-photography . . Flange back . Correction of influences of auxiliary light . Parallax correction
CD21 CD22 CD23 CD24 CD25 CD27 CD28 CD29 CD30
. Correction for temperatures . Correction for humidity . Correction for colors . Correction for voltage fluctuation . Other kinds of correction * . Means for correction including shapes * . . mechanical . . optical . . electrical
CE CE00
PROCESSING TO DISTANCE MEASURING SIGNAL OF DETECTION OUTPUT 		CE01 CE02 CE03 CE04 CE05 CE06 CE07 CE08 CE09 CE10
. Processing of element output or processing circuits therefor * . . AD conversion . . . Multi-value conversion . . . . Binarisation . . Weighting between cells . . Measurement of charging time . . Removing valid signals . . . Cutting noises . . . Filter circuits . . Special conversion
CE11 CE12 CE13 CE14 CE15 CE16 CE17 CE18 CE19 CE20
. . . Logarithmic compression . . . Fourier transform . . Amplifier circuits . . Removing automatic focus signals from picture signals . . Controlling charge storage time (integration time) . . . Characterized by control . . . . Controlling by monitor output . . . . Monitoring charge (integration) output . . . . Using result of last time . . . . Controlling individual areas
CE22 CE23 CE24 CE25 CE26 CE27 CE29 CE30
. Correlation operations or evaluation operations . . Emphasizing * . . Shift correlations . . Non-shift correlations . . Interpolation processes . . Operating or processing a plurality of kinds . characterized by contents of output * . . Distances
CE31 CE32 CE33 CE34 CE36
. . Depths . . Directions of defocusing . . Defocusing amounts . . Reliability of distance measuring . Processing used for those other than automatic focus or processing circuits therefor *
DA DA00
EXTRACTION OR EVALUATION OF DISTANCE MEASURING INFORMATION 		DA01 DA02 DA03 DA04 DA05 DA06 DA07 DA08 DA09 DA10
. Methods for selecting or extracting distance measuring information * . . combinedly using or switching a plurality of distance measuring methods . . being capable of changing or switching distance measuring positions . . being capable of changing or switching distance measuring areas . . Distance measuring of large areas . . Distance measuring of minute areas . . Multi-point distance measuring . . . Four points or more . . . Dividing one element and using them . . . . being two-dimensional elements
DA11 DA12 DA13 DA14 DA15 DA16 DA17 DA18 DA19 DA20
. . Performing distance measuring a number of times . . . Obtaining speed of objects . . . Predicting positions of objects . . . . Features of algorithm of prediction * . Methods for extracting main objects * . . by distances . . . Prioritizing short distances . . . Prioritizing specific ranges . . . by arrangement relations of a plurality of objects . . by areas
DA21 DA22 DA23 DA24 DA25 DA26 DA27 DA28 DA29 DA30
. . by movement . . by brightness or contrasts . . . Combinations of arrangement or contrasts of objects . . by users . . . by lines of sight . . . by operation . . Tracking specified objects . Evaluation methods for distance measuring information * . . Majority decisions . . Averages
DA31 DA32 DA33 DA34 DA35 DA36 DA37 DA38 DA39 DA40
. . . Weighted averages . . Selection by showing a plurality of results . . . automatically selected . . Evaluating reliability . . . by duration or times of the same signals . . . using evaluation functions . Combinedly using or switching a plurality of methods * . . automatically being capable of switching * . . . Interlocking with selection methods of results of distance measuring information * . . . Interlocking with extraction methods for main objects *
DA41 DA42
. . . Interlocking with setting functions other than automatic focus * . . . by signals of focusing or focusing error *
DB DB00
STABILIZING METHOD OF EVALUATION OF FOCUS DETERMINATION OR DISTANCE MEASURING INFORMATION * 		DB01 DB02 DB03 DB04 DB05 DB06 DB07 DB08 DB09 DB10
. using thresholds or setting thereof . . Thresholds varying . . . by brightness . . . by distances . . . by lenses used or F numbers . . . . by setting when taking pictures . . . by movement of objects . . . by signals of focusing or focusing error . . . by setting automatic focus methods or the like . . . Interlocking with setting functions other than automatic focus
DC DC00
PROCESSING WHEN FOCUSING IS IMPOSSIBLE * 		DC01 DC02 DC03 DC04 DC05 DC06 DC07 DC08 DC09 DC10
. Moving lenses to specific positions . . being infinite . . Pan-focus positions . . Previous positions . . Stopping lenses in situ . . Other intermediate positions * . . changing positions depending on conditions . . . Stroboscopes as conditions . . . using drives as conditions . . . by brightness
DC11 DC12 DC13 DC14 DC15 DC16 DC17 DC18 DC19 DC20
. Reducing apertures . Changing focal length . Automatically switching to manual focus . . automatically being capable of returning to automatic focus operations . Entering search modes . Emitting auxiliary light . Changing distance measuring methods or automatic focus methods . Changing thresholds . Warning or displaying . Release lock or stopping systems
DD DD00
METHOD OF MOVING LENS BY DISTANCE MEASURING SIGNAL OR THE LIKE * 		DD01 DD02 DD03 DD05 DD06 DD08 DD09 DD10
. Moving lenses during exposure . . for focusing a plurality of objects . . for generating blurs . Fanning or tilting . Curving image planes . Moving lenses to positions other than those of object distances . . Taking depths into consideration . . . Focusing a plurality of objects
DD11 DD12 DD14 DD16 DD17 DD20
. . . . at pan-focus positions . . . Blurring objects or either of them . . by predicting movement of object distances . Adding restrictions to movement of lenses . . by setting functions other than automatic focus . characterized by other methods of moving *
EA EA00
SEQUENCE CONTROL OF AUTOMATIC FOCUS 		EA01 EA02 EA03 EA04 EA05 EA06 EA07 EA08 EA09 EA10
. Starting or stopping automatic focus per se . . Stopping by focusing or focusing signals . . Continuous automatic focus . . Temporarily stopping automatic focus . . . Automatically re-starting . . . Focus lock or freeze . Moving automatic focus and lenses . . associated with search . . Moving lenses after detecting distance measuring or focusing positions . . Moving lenses together with distance measuring
EA11 EA12 EA13 EA14 EA15 EA16 EA17 EA18 EA19 EA20
. Automatic focus and photometry . . Photometry after automatic focus . . Locking photometry by focusing . Automatic focus and shutters . . Operating shutters only after focusing . . . Operating shutters by focusing signals . . Stopping automatic focus by operations of shutters . Automatic focus and self timers . . Automatic focus after operating self timers . Automatic focus and diaphragms
EA21 EA22 EA23 EA24 EA25 EA26 EA27 EA28 EA29 EA30
. Automatic focus and drive . Automatic focus and auxiliary light . . Extinguishing light by focusing . Automatic focus and power sources . Automatic focus and body release . . Release lock till focusing . Automatic focus and mirrors . Automatic focus and other parts * . Combining or switching . Prohibiting setting automatic focus modes
EB EB00
MUTUAL USE OF AUTOMATIC FOCUS INFORMATION AND OTHER FUNCTION INFORMATION 		EB01 EB02 EB03 EB04 EB05 EB06 EB07 EB08 EB09 EB10
. Automatic focus and photometry . . using automatic focus information for photometry . . Information on main objects . Controlling diaphragm or exposure . . used for exposure modes or programs . . Determining diaphragms based on depths . Stroboscopes . . Flashmatic . Shutters . . Preventing camera shake
EB11 EB12 EB13 EB14 EB15 EB16 EB17 EB18 EB19 EB20
. Self-timers . Lenses . . Zoom lenses . . . Constant magnification . . Bifocal point types . . Macro photography . . Correction or generation of aberration . . using drive signals of lenses for automatic focus . Auxiliary light . Mutual use of information with other functions *
EC EC00
COMMUNICATION OF DATA 		EC01 EC02 EC03 EC04 EC05 EC06 EC07 EC08 EC09 EC10
. Communication of main bodies with other members * . . with lens barrels . . . with converters . . . being lens information . . . . Kinds of lenses . . with stroboscopes . . with data back . . for inputting or switching programs . . Structures, shapes, or arrangement of contacts . Controls of communication
FA FA00
DRIVE OF LENS OR LENS BARREL 		FA01 FA02 FA03 FA04 FA05 FA06 FA07 FA08 FA09 FA10
. characterized by drive sources * . . Springs or spring motors . . Electric motors . . . Stepping motors . . . Coreless motors . . Ultrasonic motors . . Electrostriction elements (FA06 takes precedence) . Drive mechanisms . . Drive sources directly moving lenses . . . Directly moving lenses
FA11 FA12 FA13 FA14 FA15 FA16 FA17 FA18 FA19 FA20
. . through transmission mechanisms . . . having clutches . . . . Sliding . . . Forward and reverse switching mechanisms . . . characterized by helicoids . . . characterized by connection parts of cams or pins . . . characterized by gear trains . . . characterized by rack and pinion parts . . . characterized by other link mechanisms * . . . Transmission between bodies and lens barrels
FA21 FA22 FA23 FA24 FA25 FA26 FA27 FA28 FA29 FA30
. . . Means for reducing load . . . Following to movement of preceding members . . characterized by stopping mechanisms . . . Retaining positions by drive sources . . . using lock members . . . . Locking transmission mechanisms . . . by abutting members . . . . using step cams . . Structures for manual operations . . . Power focus
FA31 FA32 FA33 FA34 FA35 FA36 FA38 FA39 FA40
. . . Manual focus and automatic focus having different transmission systems . . . . Moving other lenses . . . using transmission systems by switching manual focus or automatic focus . . . . Manual focus rings rotating when automatically focusing . . . . . Protecting manual focus rings . . . . . Rotating manual focus rings when performing automatic focus . . Restricting movement of lenses . . . Structures of moving end parts . . . Controlling at end parts
FA41 FA42 FA43 FA44 FA45 FA46 FA47 FA48 FA49 FA50
. . . . Stopping power sources . . . . Reversing . Controls for drive or drive sources . . Power source circuits . . Forward and reverse switching circuits . . for intermittent drive . Controls for moving lenses . . Climb control . . Controlling speed . . . varying speed
FA51 FA52 FA53 FA54 FA55 FA56 FA57 FA58 FA59 FA60
. . . . Successively varying . . Correction of movement . . . Correction of backlash . Sharing drive and drive sources for other parts than lenses * . . Sharing with shutters . . Sharing with drive . . Switch mechanisms . . . Switching by rotation directions . . Progressively operating . specially adapted for special lenses
FA61 FA62 FA63 FA64 FA65 FA66 FA67 FA68 FA69 FA70
. . Zoom . . . Macro zoom . . Macro . . Variable aberration . . Multi-focal points . . Converters . . Intermediate rings or bellows . Focus aids . Arrangement of drive or transmission mechanisms into lens barrels . . Arrangement of drive sources
FA71 FA72 FA73 FA74 FA75 FA76 FA77 FA78 FA79 FA80
. . Arrangement of transmission mechanisms . . for compacting . . . Thinning diameters . . . eliminating recesses and projections . Other details of lens barrels * . . Detecting positions of lenses * . . . using variable resistance . . Electric components . . . Wiring . . Manual operation rings
GA GA00
DISPLAY 		GA01 GA02 GA03 GA04 GA05 GA07 GA08 GA09 GA10
. Means * . . Light . . . Pictures . . Sounds . . . Voices . Display positions * . . Lens barrels . . in finders . . Bodies
GA12 GA13 GA14 GA15 GA16 GA17 GA18 GA19
. Contents * . . Focusing or defocusing . . Defocus directions . . Amounts of defocusing . . Distances . . Distance measuring positions . . Automatic focus modes . . Automatic focus being impossible
GB GB00
DETAIL PART OR OTHER * 		GB01 GB02 GB03 GB04 GB05 GB06 GB07 GB08 GB09 GB10
. Optical elements especially designed for automatic focus * . . Photographic optical systems . . . Zoom lenses . . . . Macro zoom . . . Variable aberration lenses . . . Additional lenses . . . . Rear converters . electrical * . . Power sources . . Wiring
GB11 GB12 GB13 GB14 GB15 GB16 GB17 GB18 GB19 GB20
. . Information storage parts . . . changeable . Mechanical parts, shapes, or materials for automatic focus * . . Intermediate rings, bellows, or the like . Additional functions or systems * . . Safety . . . Protective covers . . Demonstration functions . . for testing or measuring . . Operation switches
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